Collective Bargaining

Collective Bargaining is a process in which the representatives of a

labour organization & the representatives of business organization meet and
attempt to negotiate a contract or agreement, which specifies the nature of
employee-employer union relationship.

FLIPPO
Process involving discussions and negotiations

collective group

'bargaining' proposals and counter proposals

to reconcile their conflicting interests

is a flexible approach
 Main features of Collective Bargaining

It is a group action as opposed to

individual action and is initiated
through the representatives of the
workers
It is flexible and mobile, and not fixed
or static
It is a two party process
It is a continuous process
It is dynamic and not static
It is industrial democracy at work
Main features of Collective Bargaining (Contd..)

It is not a competitive process, but it is

essentially a complementary process
It is an art, an advanced form of human
relations
It is a relation of give and take
It is a process of retreat without
seeming to retreat
It is a process through which may enable
parties to arrive at some amicable
settlement or agreement
Main features of Collective Bargaining (Contd..)

It is a power relationship in which

management tries to retain its right to
manage and unions to safeguard their
interests so as to strengthen their hold
over the workers
 Issues of Bargaining

Unemployment
Inflation
Working Time
Social Security
New Technologies
Flexibility
Changes in practices
 Conceptual Framework of Bargaining

Managements
Bargaining
Characteristics Negotiation
External Process
Goal
Environment Bargaining Bargaining attainment
Structure Outcomes of Parties
and the
Union Admn. of
Public
Organisational agreements
Characteristics
Support of the Labour Administration for successful
collective bargaining

Provide the necessary climate for it

Not support a party in breach of
agreements
Provide for the settlement of disputes
Bargain in good faith
Absence of any external pressure
Progressive & strong management
consciousness
There should be delegation of authority in
the negotiation process
 The Process of Collective Bargaining

Union claim
Levels at which CB is undertaken

Enterprise Or Plant Level

Industry-Cum-Region wide Agreements

Sectoral Collective Bargaining At National Level

Collective Bargaining Process
Prepare

Discuss

Propose

Bargain

Settlement