Umm Al-Qura University

Department of Civil & Structural Engineering

Design of reinforced concrete II

Design of two-way solid slabs

Lecture (2)

1
Umm Al-Qura University
Department of Civil & Structural Engineering

Design of two-way spanning solid slabs

For two-way spanning slabs:

If slab is square and the restraints are similar along

the four sides then the load will span equally in both
directions

If the slab is rectangular then more than one-half of

the load will be carried in the stiffer, shorter
direction and less in the long direction

If one span is much longer than the other, a large

proportion of the load will be carried in the short
direction and the slab may as well be designed as
spanning in only one direction

2
Umm Al-Qura University
Department of Civil & Structural Engineering

Moments in each direction of span are generally

calculated using coefficients which are tabulated in the
code
Areas of reinforcement to resist the moments are
determined independently for each direction of span
The steel for the shorter span should be placed
furthest from the neutral axis to give it the greater
effective depth

The span-effective depth ratios are based on the

shorter span and the percentage of reinforcement in
that direction

3
Umm Al-Qura University
Department of Civil & Structural Engineering

The design procedure for simply supported slab

spanning in two directions

4
Loads carried by supporting beams
Umm Al-Qura University
Department of Civil & Structural Engineering

The maximum moments are given by

M sx sx n l 2
x (in direction of span lx )

M sy sy n l 2
x
(in direction of span l y )

where
M sx is the moment at mid-span on strips of unit
width with spans l x

M sy is the moment at mid-span on strips of unit

width with spans l y

5
Umm Al-Qura University
Department of Civil & Structural Engineering

n 1.35 g k 1.5 qk
that is the total ultimate load per unit area
lx is the length of the shorter side

ly is the length of the longer side

sx and sysy are the moment coefficients

Bending-moment coefficients for slabs spanning in two

directions at right angles, simply supported on four sides
6
Umm Al-Qura University
Department of Civil & Structural Engineering

For concrete grades C 50 / 60 the area of reinforcement

in directions l x and l y respectively are:

M sx
Asx (per metre width)
0.87 f yk z

M sy
Asy (per metre width)
0.87 f yk z
At least 40 per cent of the mid-span reinforcement
should extend to the supports
7
8
9
10
11
 The design procedure for restrained slab
spanning in two directions
When the slabs:
have fixity at the supports
reinforcement is added to resist torsion and to
prevent corners of the slab from lifting,

Then the maximum moments per unit width are given by

M sx sx n l 2
x
(in direction of span lx )

M sy sy n l 2
x
(in direction of span ly )

sx and sy are the moment coefficients given in Table 8.5.

12
13
 The slab is divided into middle and edge strips
as shown in figure 8.8.
Reinforcement is required in the middle strips to
resist Msx and Msy.
The arrangement of the reinforcement as
illustrated in figure 8.2.
Torsion reinforcement is not necessary at any
corner where the slab continuous in both
directions.

14
15
16
17