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 Liposomes are the simple microscopic vesicles in which
aqueous layer is enclosed by phospho lipid bilayers that are
used to transfer vaccines ,drugs ,enzymes and other
substances to targetcells or organs

Structually ,liposomes are concentric bilayerd vesicles in

which an aqueous volume is entirely enclosed by a
membraneous lipid bilayer mainly composed of natural or
synthetic phospholipids.

Can be produced from cholesterols, non toxic surfactants,

sphingolipids, glycolipids, long chain fatty acids and even
membrane proteins.

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COMPOSITION

Phospholipids:
Dilauryl phosphotidyl choline (DLPC), Dimyristoyl phosphotidyl choline
(DMPC), Dipalmitoy phosphotidyl choline (DPPC), Distearoyl
phosphotidyl choline (DSPC), Dioleolyl phosphotidyl choline (DOPC),
Dilauryl phosphotidyl glycerol (DLPG), Distearoyl phosphotidyl serine
(DSPS).

Cholesterol:
Act as intercalator with phospholipids molecules.
Restrict the confirmational changes of lipids.
Membrane stabilizer.

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 Advantages Disadvantages
Liposomes increased efficacy and therapeutic Low solubility
index of drug (actinomycin-D)
Liposome increased stability via encapsulation Short half-life
Liposomes are non-toxic, flexible, Sometimes phospholipid
biocompatible, completely biodegradable, and undergoes oxidation and
non-immunogenic for systemic and non- hydrolysis-like reaction
systemic administrations

Liposomes reduce the toxicity of the Leakage and fusion of

encapsulated agent (amphotericin B, Taxol) encapsulated
drug/molecules
Liposomes help reduce the exposure of Production cost is high
sensitive tissues to toxic drugs
Flexibility to couple with site-specific ligands Less stable
to achieve active targeting
Drug targetting

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COMMONLY USED
PHOSPHOLIPIDS PHOSPHATIDYL
CHOLINE

PHOSPHATIDYL
NATURAL
ETHANOLAMINE

PHOSPHATIDYL
SERINE
COMMONLY USED
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
DIOLEOYL
PHOSPHATIDYL
CHOLINE

DISTEAROYL
SYNTHETIC PHOSPHOTIDYL
CHOLINE

DIOLEOYL
PHOSPHATIDYL
ETHANOLAMINE
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BASED ON PREPARATION METHOD

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General Method Of Liposome Formation

All the methods of preparing liposomes involves 3 to 4 steps.

Drying down lipids from organic solvents

Dispersion of lipids in aqueous media

Purification of resultant liposomes

Analysis of final product

 METHODS OF LIPOSOME
PREPARATION

ACTIVE OR REMOTE LOADING

PASSIVE LOADING
Involves loading of the entrapped
agents before or during the
manufacturing procedure
Certain types of compounds with
ionizable groups and those with
both lipid and solubility , can be
introduced into the liposomes after
the formation of the intact vesicles

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Classes of Liposomes

CONVENTIONAL LONG CIRCULATING

IMMUNO CATIONIC
PHARMACOKINETICS - Efficacy And Toxicity

Changes the absorbance and bio distribution

Deliver drug in desired form

Multidrug resistance

PROTECTION

Decrease harmful side effects

Change where drug accumulates in the body

Protects drug

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Lack long term stability (short shelf life)

Physical and chemical instability

Freeze dry and pH adjustment

Low Pay Load - Poor Encapsulation

Drugs and drugs without opposite charge

Modifications

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 Y. Sultana., Liposomal Drug Delivery Systems: An Update Review. ,
Current Drug Delivery 2007, 4, 297-305.
Sharma Shailesh, Sharma Neelam, Kumar Sandeep, Gupta GD.,
Liposomes: Areview., Journal of Pharmacy Research 2009,
2(7),1163-1167.
Mohammad Riaz., Liposomes Preparation Methods., Pakistan
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol.19(1), January 1996, 65-
77.
MU Uhumwangho and RS Okor., Current trends in the production
and biomedical applications of liposomes: a review ., JMBR June
2005 Vol. 4(1) 9-21.
http://www.biopharminternational.com/biopharm/data/articlesta
ndard/biopharm/032002/7278/article.pdf., web, 28.01.2012
http://www.ias.ac.in/jarch/currsci/68/00000742.pdf.,web,
28.01.2012
D.D. Lasic., Applications of Liposomes., Handbook of Biological
Physics., Elsevier Science B.V.., 1995., Vol.1., 1-29

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