CONFLICT

TRANSFORMATION
Prepared by: CRISTINE T. GOMOBAR
OBJECTIVES
To describe the nature of
conflict
Identify peaceful approaches
to resolving conflicts
Engage in actual dialogue
Apply the peaceful steps in the
conflict transformation
 Conflicts are inherent in Human Relationships. As such, we cannot go away
with them.
Conflict is an interactive process manifested in incompatibility,
disagreement or dissonance within or between social entities. (Rakhim)
Rakhim also notes that a conflict may be limited to one individual, who is
conflicted within himself (the intrapersonal conflict).
To take another definition of conflict, Michael Nicholson defines it as an
activity which takes place when conscious beings (individuals or groups)
wish to carry out mutually inconsistent acts concerning their wants, needs
or obligations.
Conflict is an escalation of a disagreement, which is its common
prerequisite, and is characterized by the existence of conflict behavior, in
which the beings are actively trying to damage one another.
In a Negative sense, conflict can be:
Disagreeing with another
Difference of opinion with another
Complaints about our performance
Criticism of our behavior or attitude
Negative evaluation of our
performance
Fighting with another
Stress inducing event in which we are
confronted in a negative way
A test of our power
A threat to our control
Matching of wills
An anger producing event
A threat to our security
Taking a risk
Speaking out of our beliefs
Risking the loss of acceptance
A time when no one is communicating; whether
people are angry silently our yelling at one
another
Someone acting in direct apposition to our
request
Defending our rights when they are being ignored
In a Positive sense, conflict can be:
A process by which feelings ultimately can be aired openly and
freely

A time of growth for the parties involved A compromise that will leave all parties involved in a winning
situation
A time in which problems can be solved creatively by
looking together at a variety alternatives A breath of fresh air in a stagnating relationship

A chance to evaluate our performance objectively A moment of honesty, which can result in lifetime of improved
communication
A time for us to increase our knowledge of one another
An opportunity to draw close to one another in intimate self-
A chance to reveal our unique ways of thinking, acting, disclosure
and feeling
A way in which we recognize our deficiencies and brainstorm
A chance to show understanding, respect, and alternatives to correct them
acceptance of the unique ways in which others think, act,
and feel A challenge to growth

A chance to be devils advocate in regard to our A chance to problem solve, creating more productive
position, attitudes, and beliefs environment

An opportunity to clarify our roles and functions in A time to talk and communicate openly and honestly, reducing
certain situations hostility, anger, or misunderstanding in relationship

An opportunity to clarify and define the rules of A time to clarify our expectations of others; a time to modify
interaction in an attempt to strengthen our relationship existing rules or sanctions based on our expectations
 It assumes that conflicts are
It implies that conflict is long term possesses that often
bad. Hence, something cannot be quickly resolved, but
that should be ended. It the notion of they were
physical objects. In addition, the It dos not suggest that we
also assumes that conflict
notion of management suggests simply eliminate or
is a short-term
that the goal is the reduction or control conflict, but
phenomenon that can be
control of volatility more than rather recognize and
resolved permanently
dealing with the real source of work with its dialectic
through mediation or
the problem. nature
other intervention
processes.
 PEACEFUL APPROACHES OR
MEANS OF RESOLVING CONFLICT
NEGOTIATION is a process by which two parties with opposing needs seek to meet those needs
amicably
DIALOGUE is a peaceful confrontation and conversation between two parties develop friendly
relations among each other to have one common aspiration
MEDIATION is a form that involves a neutral third party who can
help opposing people or groups to focus on the problem, understand
each other, communicate and come up with a decision which will
benefit both groups

DECECISION MAKING is the application of critical decision making of

a leader of both groups to decide for the betterment of its members

COMMUNICATION is sending and receiving messages. It includes

verbal and non-verbal. It has different elements, the sender, the
receiver, the message and the medium of communication.
 CONFLICT PARTNERSHIP PROCESS
PRINCIPLES PATHWAYS TO EFECTIVE CONFLICT
RESOLUTION
The conflict partnership process is the way 1. Create effective atmosphere
how the two parties recognize the role in the conflict 2. Clarify perception
resolution process, it adheres to the following
principles; 3. Focus on individual and shared
needs
1. We, not I versus You
4. Look to the future then learn
2. Conflicts are dealt with in the context of from the past
the overall relationship
5. Generate options
3. Effective conflict resolution should improve
the relationship 6. Develop doubles : Stepping
stones to actions
4. Effective conflict resolution result in
mutual benefits 7. Make mutual-benefit
agreement
5. Relationship-building and conflict
resolution connected
THE PHILIPPINE PEACE PROCESS
Chronology of significant events in Southern Philippines

Philippine Government

Japanese Occupation

The American Colonial Period

The Spanish Colonial Period

Arrival of Islam

Lumads our Ancestors

 BACKGROUND OF MINDANAO CONFLICT
The core issue of the problem in Mindanao is the continuing assertion of the
Bangsamoro people for restoration of their independence. Problems of land, mass
poverty, neglect and underdevelopment and other social inequities are serious
problems that need attention of the national government but it is the issue on the
political relationship of the Bangsamoro people with the government that needs
serious and immediate attention because aside from its historical roots it is being
perceived as the major cause of other social, economic and religious problems
(Lingga 2005b)
HOW TO ADDRESS THE CONFLICT IN MINDANAO
The government should institutionalized the resolution of conflict through
popular participation, democratization of media and electoral participation,
demilitarization, the process of civilian-based defense, self-reliance, common
security and Regional Peace.
Observance of the principles of human rights and Interntional Humanitarian Law
are vvery important especialy in the course of the armed conflict.
Human Rights and Peacce Education
The structural transformation based on justice that would lead to durable peace.
The moros must be educated into peace using Islamic peace framework.
The struggle in Mindanao must be resolved through peaceful means and
adequately ddress their legitimate grievance.
There is a need to understand the legitimate grievances of Moro people and to
address their needs.
 THE PEACE PROCESS
Basic principles for a comprehensive peace process
The peace process must be anchored on the involvement and
anticipation of all sectors of society. It is not define by the
government alone, nor by the contending armed groups, but by
Filipinos ass one community.
The peace process must be community-based reflecting the
sentiments, value ad principles important to al Filipinos.
It is a goal of the peace process to establish a just, equitable,
humane and pluralistic society.
The peace process is aimed tat peacefully ending the armed
conflict with either blame o surrender but with dignity for all
concerned.