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By:

JOEY LINA
Former Senator of the Republic of the Philippines
Former Secretary of DILG
Former Laguna Governor
Former Governor and General Manager of Metro Manila
Commission
Share to total net
2013 2014 2015 Share to total 2015 inflow 2015
Economy
Intra-ASEAN Extra-ASEAN Total net Intra-ASEAN Extra-ASEAN Total net Intra-ASEAN Extra-ASEAN Total net Intra- Extra- Total net Intra- Extra- Total net
inflow inflow inflow ASEAN ASEAN inflow ASEAN ASEAN inflow

Brunei -58 783.5 725.5


141.2 427 568.2 86.7 84.7 171.3 0.4 0.1 0.1 50.6 49.4 100
Cambodia 298.8
976.1 1,274.90 372.5 1,354.00 1,726.50 425.4 1,275.60 1,701.00 1.9 1.3 1.4 25 75 100

Indonesia 8,721.10 9,722.70 18,443.80 13,083.70 8,726.70 21,810.40 9,499.00 7,417.80 16,916.80 42.7 7.5 14 56.2 43.8 100

Lao PDR 104.60 322.10 426.70 137.90 775.30 913.20 221.80 857.30 1,079.20 1 0.9 0.9 20.6 79.4 100

Malaysia 2,187.50 10,109.90 12,297.40 2,284.00 8,591.30 10,875.30 2,719.00 8,570.60 11,289.60 12.2 8.7 9.3 24.1 75.9 100

Philippines -41.70 3,901.50 3,859.80 137.10 5,677.50 5,814.60 66.20 5,658.00 5,724.20 0.3 5.7 4.7 1.2 98.8 100

Singapore 4,556.20 55,823.40 60,379.60 5,214.10 69,206.20 74,420.30 3,416.30 57,868.50 61,284.80 15.4 58.7 50.7 5.6 94.4 100

Thailand 528.20 15,407.80 15,936.00 -1,466.80 5,187.00 3,720.20 1,413.70 6,613.80 8,027.50 6.4 6.7 6.6 17.6 82.4 100

Vietnam 2,078.60 6,821.40 8,900.00 1,547.10 7,653.00 9,200.10 2,153.50 9,646.50 11,800.00 9.7 9.8 9.8 18.2 81.8 100

TOTAL 19,562.20 105,302.30 124,864.50 22,134.50 107,860.60 129,995.10 22,232.20 98,586.60 120,818.80 100 100 100 18.4 81.6 100

ASEAN 6 15,893.30 95,748.70 111,642.00 19,393.30 97,815.70 117,209.00 17,200.90 86,213.30 103,414.20 77.4 87.4 85.6 16.6 83.4 100

CLMV 3,668.90 9,553.00 13,222.50 2,741.10 10,045.00 12,786.10 5,031.30 12,373.30 17,404.60 22.6 12.6 14.4 28.9 71.1 100

Source ASEAN Foreign Direct Investment Statistics Database as of 05 October 2016 (Data is compiled from submission of ASEAN Central Banks
and National Statistical Offices through the ASEAN Working Group on International Investment Statistics (WGIIS).

Notes Details may not add up to totals due to rounding off.


1/ ASEAN 6 consists of Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand, while CLMV comprises Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and
Viet Nam.
2/ Lao PDR's data on 'by source country' for 2013 is not available, intra-/extra-ASEAN breakdown are estimated by the ASEAN Secretariat.

The FDI is on a net basis, and computed as follows: Net FDI = Equity + Net Inter-company Loans + Reinvested Earnings. The net basis concept implies that the
followings should be deducted from the FDI gross flows: (1) reverse investment (made by a foreign affiliate in a host country to its parent company/direct
investor; (2) loans given by a foreign affiliate to its parent company; and (3) repayments of intra-company loan (paid by a foreign affiliate to its parent company).
As such, FDI net inflows can be negative.
World
Ranking
Econom Ranking
by Value
y (out of
Region
140)
Singapore 2 1 5.7
Malaysia 18 2 5.2
Thailand 32 3 4.6
Indonesia 37 4 4.5
Philippines 47 5 4.4
Vietnam 56 6 4.3
Lao 83 7 4.0
Cambodia 90 8 3.9
Myanmar 131 9 3.3
Brunei* Not Not Not
indicated indicated indicated
Source: Global Competitiveness Report 2015-2016 - WEF
Ease of
Doing Ranking
Economy
Business by Region
(World)
Singapore 2 1
Malaysia 23 2
Thailand 46 3
Brunei 72 4
Vietnam 82 5
Indonesia 91 6
Philippines 99 7
Cambodia 131 8
Lao 139 9
Myanmar 170 10
PREAMBLE

We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring


the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a
just and humane society and establish a
Government that shall embody our ideals
and aspirations, promote the common good,
conserve and develop our patrimony, and
secure to ourselves and our posterity the
blessings of independence and democracy
under the rule of law and a regime of truth,
justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace,
do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.
DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIES
ARTICLE II

Section 1. The Philippines is a democratic


and republican State. Sovereignty resides in
the people and all government authority
emanates from them.
SOVEREIGN FILIPINO PEOPLE
NATIONAL
GOVERNMENT

LEGISLATI JUDICIARY EXECUTIV CONSTITUTIO OMBUDSMAN


VE E NAL
COMMISSIONS
Commission Civil Commissio
on Human COMELEC
Service n on Audit
Rights Commissio
Local n
Government
Provinces Highly Independent
Urbanized Component
Cities Cities
Municipaliti Compone
es nt Cities Barangay Barangay
s s
Baranga Barangay
ys s
Of the 193 UN member states,
165 of them are governed as
unitary states.
DEFINITION OF FEDERALISM
MIRIAM WEBSTER DICTIONARY
Federalism the distribution of power in an organization (such
as a government) between a central authority and the
constituent units.

LEGAL DICTIONARY FREE DICTIONARY


Federalism a principle of government that defines the
relationship between the central government at the national
level and its constituent units at the regional, state, or local
levels . Under this principle government, power and authority is
allocated between the national and local government units
such that each unit is delegated a sphere of power and
authority only it can exercise, while other powers must be
shared. 14
SECTION 25. The State shall ensure the
autonomy of local governments.
SECTION 2. The territorial and
political subdivisions shall enjoy
local autonomy.
SECTION 3. The Congress shall enact a local government
code which shall provide for a more responsive and
accountable local government structure instituted
through a system of decentralization with effective
mechanisms of recall, initiative, and referendum, allocate
among the different local government units their powers,
responsibilities, and resources, and provide for the
qualifications, election, appointment and removal, term,
salaries, powers and functions and duties of local
officials, and all other matters relating to the
organization and operation of the local units.
SECTION 4. The President of the Philippines
shall exercise general supervision over local
governments. Provinces with respect to
component cities and municipalities, and
cities and municipalities with respect to
component barangays shall ensure that the
acts of their component units are within the
scope of their prescribed powers and
functions.
SECTION 5. Each local government unit shall
have the power to create its own sources of
revenues and to levy taxes, fees, and
charges subject to such guidelines and
limitations as the Congress may provide,
consistent with the basic policy of local
autonomy. Such taxes, fees, and charges
shall accrue exclusively to the local
governments.
SECTION 6. Local government units
shall have a just share, as determined
by law, in the national taxes which
shall be automatically released to
them.
SECTION 7. Local governments shall
be entitled to an equitable share in the
proceeds of the utilization and
development of the national wealth
within their respective areas, in the
manner provided by law, including
sharing the same with the inhabitants
by way of direct benefits.
SECTION 13. Local government units
may group themselves, consolidate or
coordinate their efforts, services, and
resources for purposes commonly
beneficial to them in accordance with
law.
SECTION 14. The President shall provide for
regional development councils or other similar
bodies composed of local government officials,
regional heads of departments and other
government offices, and representatives from non-
governmental organizations within the regions for
purposes of administrative decentralization to
strengthen the autonomy of the units therein and
to accelerate the economic and social growth and
development of the units in the region.
The right of provinces, cities, municipalities, and
barangays and autonomous regions to self-
government or self-rule to promote the general
welfare of their citizens.
Section 2.Declaration of Policy.-
(a) It is hereby declared the policy of the State that the
territorial and political subdivisions of the State shall
enjoy genuine and meaningful local autonomy to
enable them to attain their fullest development as self-
reliant communities and make them more effective
partners in the attainment of national goals. Toward
this end, the State shall provide for a more responsive
and accountable local government structure instituted
through a system of decentralization whereby local
government units shall be given more powers,
authority, responsibilities, and resources. The process
of decentralization shall proceed from the national
government to the local government units.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7160
BOOK 1
GENERAL PRIVISIONS
Title One
Basic Principles

Section 2. Declaration Policy

(c) It is likewise the policy of the State to require all


national agencies and offices to conduct periodic
consultations with appropriate local government units
non-governmental and peoples organizations, and other
concerned sectors of the community before any project
or program is implemented in their respective
jurisdictions.
Section 16.General Welfare.- Every local
government unit shall exercise the powers
expressly granted, those necessarily implied
therefrom, as well as powers necessary,
appropriate, or incidental for its efficient and
effective governance, and those which are
essential to the promotion of the general welfare.
Within their respective territorial jurisdictions, local
government units shall ensure and support, among other
things:

1. the preservation and enrichment of culture,


2. promote health and safety,
3. enhance the right of the people to a balanced ecology,
4. encourage and support the development of appropriate
and self-reliant scientific and technological capabilities,
5. improve public morals,
6. enhance economic prosperity and social justice,
7. promote full employment among their residents,
8. maintain peace and order, and
9. preserve the comfort and convenience of their
inhabitants.
SECTION 27. Prior Consultations Required. No
project or program shall be implemented by
government authorities unless the
consultations mentioned in Sections 2 (c) and
26 hereof are complied with, and prior approval
of the sanggunian concerned is obtained:
Provided, That occupants in areas where such
projects are to be implemented shall not be
evicted unless appropriate relocation sites
have been provided, in accordance with the
provisions of the Constitution.
Section 17.Basic Services and Facilities.-
that LGUs shall provide their inhabitants,
among others: (underscoring supplied)
a.Agriculture e.
b.Health Infrastructure
c.Social f. Tourism
Welfare
d.Environment
al
Regional offices of national agencies or
offices whose functions are devolved to
local government units as provided herein
shall be phased out within one (1) year
from the approval of this Code. Said
national agencies and offices may establish
such field units as may be necessary for
monitoring purposes and providing
technical assistance to local government
units. The properties, equipment, and other
assets of these regional offices shall be
distributed to the local government units in
the region in accordance with the rules and
regulations issued by the oversight
committee created under this Code.
POWERS NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
EXERCISE
Foreign policy, national security and defense,
power to declare war, foreign relations including
the ratification of treaties; foreign trade, customs
and quarantine; currency, fiscal and monetary
system, national taxation, budget and audit;
immigration, emigration and extradition; national
government public works and infrastructures;
postal; national air, sea and land transportation;
intellectual property and copyright; meteorology;
standards of weights and measures; grants-in-aid
to local governments; census and statistics;
cloning, genetic research and engineering; penal
system, offenses defined in the Revised Penal
Code, and crimes under special laws
Section 284.Allotment of Internal Revenue Taxes.-
Local government units shall have a share in the
national internal revenue taxes based on the
collection of the third fiscal year preceding the current
fiscal year as follows:
(a) On the first year of the effectivity of this Code,
thirty percent (30%);
(b) On the second year, thirty-five percent (35%); and
(c) On the third year and thereafter, forty percent
(40%).
xxx
Section 286.Automatic Release of Shares.-
(a) The share of each local government unit
shall be released, without need of any further
action, directly to the provincial, city,
municipal or barangay treasurer, as the case
may be, on a quarterly basis within five (5)
days after the end of each quarter, and which
shall not be subject to any lien or holdback
that may be imposed by the national
government for whatever purpose
Section 290.Amount of Share of Local Government
Units.- Local government units shall, in addition to
the internal revenue allotment, have a share of forty
percent (40%) of the gross collection derived by the
national government from the preceding fiscal year
from mining taxes, royalties, forestry and fishery
charges, and such other taxes, fees, or charges,
including related surcharges, interests, or fines, and
from its share in any co-production, joint venture or
production sharing agreement in the utilization and
development of the national wealth within their
territorial jurisdiction.
Section 291.Share of the Local Governments from any
Government Agency or Owned or Controlled Corporation.-
Local government units shall have a share based on the
preceding fiscal year from the proceeds derived by any
government agency or government-owned or controlled
corporation engaged in the utilization and development of the
national wealth based on the following formula whichever will
produce a higher share for the local government unit:
(a) One percent (1%) of the gross sales or receipts of the
preceding calendar year; or
(b) Forty percent (40%) of the mining taxes, royalties, forestry
and fishery charges and such other taxes, fees or
charges, including related surcharges, interests, or fines
the government agency or government owned or
controlled corporation would have paid if it were not
otherwise exempt.
Provinces
Section 135.Tax on Transfer of Real Property
Ownership
Section 136.Tax on Business of Printing and
Publication
Section 137.Franchise Tax
Section 138.Tax on Sand, Gravel and Other Quarry
Resources
Section 139.Professional Tax
Section 140.Amusement Tax
Section 141.Annual Fixed Tax For Every Delivery Truck
or Van of Manufacturers or Producers, Wholesalers of,
Dealers, or Retailers in, Certain Products
Municipalities
SECTION 143. Tax on Business
SECTION 144. Rates of Tax within the Metropolitan Manila Area
SECTION 145. Retirement of Business
SECTION 146. Payment of Business Taxes
SECTION 147. Fees and Charges
SECTION 148. Fees for Sealing and Licensing of Weights and
Measures
SECTION 149. Fishery Rentals, Fees and Charges
SECTION 150. Situs of the Tax
Cities
SECTION 151. Scope of Taxing Powers Except as
otherwise provided in this Code, the city, may levy
the taxes, fees, and charges which the province or
municipality may impose: Provided, however, That
the taxes, fees and charges levied and collected by
highly urbanized and independent component cities
shall accrue to them and distributed in accordance
with the provisions of this Code.
Barangays
SECTION 152:
(a) Taxes on stores or retailers
(b) Service Fees or Charges
(c) Barangay Clearance
(d) Other fees and Charges
Section 186.Power To Levy Other Taxes, Fees or
Charges.- Local government units may exercise
the power to levy taxes, fees or charges on any
base or subject not otherwise specifically
enumerated herein or taxed under the provisions of
the National Internal Revenue Code, as amended,
or other applicable laws: Provided, That the taxes,
fees, or charges shall not be unjust, excessive,
oppressive, confiscatory or contrary to declared
national policy: Provided, further, That the
ordinance levying such taxes, fees or charges shall
not be enacted without any prior public hearing
conducted for the purpose.
SECTION 14. The President shall provide for
regional development councils or other similar
bodies composed of local government
officials, regional heads of departments and
other government offices, and representatives
from non-governmental organizations within
the regions for purposes of administrative
decentralization to strengthen the autonomy
of the units therein and to accelerate the
economic and social growth and development
of the units in the region.
Institutionalize the Regional Development
Council in the Constitution with 20% of
the National Taxes equitably distributed
among them using a standard formula.
1. Increase LGU share in National Taxes
to include customs duties and taxes
from 40% to 45%.
2. Base the share of LGUs on the
collection of National Taxes one year
prior to current budget year.
1. Phase out Regional offices of National
agencies whose functions have been
devolved to LGUs.
2. GAA, as presented by the Executive
Department, must contain allocations
for Regional Development Plans and
Programs.
Enact and implement laws that:
a) achieve sustained increase in the
amount of goods and services
produced by the nation for the
benefit of the people

b) promote INDUSTRIALIZATION and full


employment.
Leaders make the difference in a
nations life.
People must elect Servant Leaders.

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