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CPR and First Aid

Guidelines

Presentation prepared by: Randy G. Tabaog, LPT


AMA Computer College Santiago Campus
Introduction
For the life to continue, the body
requires an adequate supply of
oxygen . If a casualty is
deprived of oxygen, the brain
begins to fail, after 3 or 4
minutes without oxygen,
casualty will lose consciousness
the heart & breathing will stop
death will result.
What is CPR?
It is a sequence of techniques used to
sustain life in the absence of spontaneous
breathing and heart beat
Together chest compressions and rescue
breath are called cardiopulmonary
resuscitation
The aim of CPR is to maintain victim's
breathing and circulation until emergency
aid arrives.
Involve the use of artificial
ventilation (mouth-to-mouth
breathing) and external heart
compression (rhythmic
pressure on the breastbone.
Sudden Death
Heart Attack
Electric Shock
Asphyxiation
Suffocation
Drowning
Allergic Reaction
Choking
Severe Injury
Heart Attack
Diseases of the heart and blood vessels are
the leading cause of death.
The ff. are the early warning signs of an
impending heart attack
Uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness or dull pain in the
center of the chest lasting for 2 or more than minutes
Pain may radiate the shoulders, arm, neck or jaws
Sweating
Nausea
Shortness of breath
Feeling of weakness
Pale and sick looking
Sequence of CPR:

Check responsiveness
Call for help
Correctly place the victim and ensure
the open airway
Check the presence of spontaneous
respiration
Check pulse
Start CPR

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Main stages of resuscitation
A (Airway) ensure open airway by
preventing the falling back of
tongue
B (Breathing) start artificial
ventilation of lungs
C (Circulation) restore the
circulation by external cardiac
compression
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Check responsiveness:

Responsiveness
Tap shoulder and
shout Are you
ok?
A Airway
Open the airway
-Head tilt chin lift Place one hand over
the forehead and tilt the head back.
Pick out any obvious obstruction from the
mouth.

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B Check For Breathing
Look, listen and feel
for breathing
No longer than 10 seconds
second
-If the victim is breathing:
Place in recovery position
-If the victim is NOT breathing:
Ask for help and Give 2
rescue breaths for fife times
then check for signs of
circulation
Mouth to Mouth Barrier
Devices
Masks
Shields
Make sure that airway is B (Breathing)
open.
Pinch the nose & open the
victims mouth.
If you have a face shield or
pocket mask place it over the
victims mouth.
Take a breath and place
your lips over around the
victims mouth.
Blow steadily into the
victims mouth until the chest
rises
Maintaining open airway,
take your mouth off and see if
chest falls.
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How to check for circulation:
Maintain a head tilt with one hand on the victims
forehead
Locate the trachea with 2 or 3 fingers of the other
hand
Slide these fingers where you can feel the carotid
pulse
Palpate for at least 5 seconds and no more than 10
seconds
If signs of circulation exist:
Continue rescue give 1 breath every 3
seconds, every 2 minutes recheck
pulse.
If victim start to breath turn him into
recovery position
If signs of circulation are absent:
Begin giving chest compressions (
start CPR )
XIPHOID PROCESS
Exerting pressure downward
When Emergencies Arise
Emergencies happen
all too often and early
intervention can save
a life.

CPR and first aid


skills are important for
caregivers and
parents to know.

Copyright Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved.

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Compressions
Make sure the victim is lying on his
back on hard surface

Put the heel of one hand on the center


of the victims bare chest between the
nipples

Put the heel of your other hand on top


of the first hand.

Straighten your arms & position your


shoulders directly over your hands.
Chest compression continue:
Push hard and fast 1.5 to 2
inches with each compression

At the end of each


compression, allow the chest
to recoil completely

Deliver compression at a rate


of 100 compression per
minute
Rate of compression to
breathing:

Compression rate for adult :


30:2
When Can I Stop CPR?

Victim survive
Trained help arrives
Cardiac arrest longer than 30 minutes
Injuries Related to CPR

Rib fractures
Laceration related to the tip
of the sternum
(Liver, lung, spleen)
Note:
Situation:
Positive (+) pulse Negative (-)
Breathing = Rescue Breathings

Negative (-) pulse Negative (-)


Breathing = CPR

Positive (+) pulse Positive (+)


Breathing = Victims Revive

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