Motor Maintenance and Testing

Presented By.
Muhammad Bilal
 Motor

 Motor converts electrical energy to

mechanical energy.
Motor Construction
The Stator
 The stator forms a hollow cylinder with coils of
insulated wire inserted into slots of the stator core.
 The coils, plus the steel core form the electromagnets.
 Motor Construction
The Rotor
 There are two types of motor rotors:
 The wound rotor
 The squirrel cage
 The wound rotor has coils of wire wound in the slots of
the rotor (Similar to generator coils).
 The “Squirrel cage” consists of bars of copper or
aluminum electrically connected at each end with
conducting rings.
 As the rotor rotates inside a magnetic field, it receives
electromagnetic induction, then current flows and form
the rotor electromagnet.
The Rotor
 IP Ratings
 An international classification system for
the sealing effectiveness of enclosures of
electrical equipment against the intrusion
into the equipment of foreign bodies (i.e.
tools, dust, fingers) and moisture. This
classification system utilizes the letters
"IP" ("Ingress Protection") followed by two
or three digits.
 Direction of rotation
 The direction of rotation of an induction
motor depends on the phase sequence of
the supply voltage. If we change the
phase sequence then the direction of the
motor changes.
R B Y
R Y B
 Slip
 Difference between speed of magnetic field of
stator and rotor speed.

 S = Ns – Nr

 %S = (Ns-Nr)/Ns x 100

 Ns = Synchronous speed
 Nr = Rotor speed
 Motor trouble shooting chart
SYMPTOM CAUSE REMEDY

Defective power supply Check voltage across all

a) Blown or defective fuses phases.

2. Open control circuit Push reset button of

a) overload trips or open. bimetal relay.
b) Loose or poor connection in
Motor fails to start control circuit.

3. Sensing element (cold type) Make visual inspection of

connections in motor
terminal box and in control
panel.

4. Tripping device not properly Check connections with

connected. diagram given in motor
control Unit.
 Motor trouble shooting chart
SYMPTOM CAUSE REMEDY

1. Low or incorrect Check voltage on all phases in

voltage. control panel and at motor
leads.

2. Incorrect connection Check for proper lead

at motor terminals. connection at motor. Compare
with connection diagram.
Motor fails to come
up to speed
3. Mechanical overload. Check impeller setting. Check for
a locked or tight shaft.

4. Hydraulic overload. Check impeller setting. Check

gallons/minute against pumps
capacity and head.
 Motor trouble shooting chart
SYMPTOM CAUSE REMEDY

1. Inadequate ventilation Assure adequate supply of fresh

air. Check air blast through motor
by feeling air discharge at
ventilating ducts.

2. Overload Check load with ammeter.

Motor runs hot

3. Unbalance supply Check supply voltage on all

voltage. phases. Check to be made both
with motor running and at rest.
 Motor trouble shooting chart
SYMPTOM CAUSE REMEDY

1. Wrong bimetal relay Set thermal overload relay

setting. correctly.

Bimetal overload trips 2. Voltage drop on load. Check incoming supply.

during start. Lead wires of greater
cross section may be
required
 Motor trouble shooting chart
SYMPTOM CAUSE REMEDY

1. Overload Check load with ammeter

2. Voltage drop. Check incoming supply. Lead wires of

greater cross section may be
required.

3. High temp. in pump Check the temperature with a

Bimetal relay house or control. thermometer and compared with
trips during permissible ambient temperature.
operation.
4. Ventilation ducts partly Remove foreign particles and clean
closed. the ducts

5. Ventilation ducts Increase duct area.

insufficient.
 Motor trouble shooting chart
SYMPTOM CAUSE REMEDY

1. Too much grease in Remove extra grease

bearings.

2. Loss of lubricity (old Re-grease.

grease)
Bearing overheat

3. Improper alignment. Realign and couple.

 Motor trouble shooting chart
SYMPTOM CAUSE REMEDY

1. Head shaft misaligned Realign and couple.

2. Worn line shaft bearings or Disconnect motor from pump and

bent line shaft. run motor without load to
Motor vibrates determine source of vibration.

3. Hydraulic disturbance in Check proper setting and

pump column or discharge alignment of pump discharge
pipe. head and discharge pipe.
 Motor trouble shooting chart
SYMPTOM CAUSE
1. Electrical noise.
2. Single-phasing of supply.
REMEDY
Most motors are electrically noisy
during the starting period. This
noise should diminish as motor
reaches full speed.
Check voltage on all phases in
control panel and at motor leads.

3. Mechanical or hydraulic overload. Check impeller setting. Check for

Motor noisy a locked or tight shaft.
Check impeller setting. Check
gallons/minute against pumps
capacity and head.
4. Worn bearing Motor to be dismantled bearings
a) Bearing has foreign particles to be washed and visually
inside or dirty. examined.
b) Bad surface of bearing rings
or bearing balls. Bearings must be replaced