Inorganic

Chemistry I

Prof. A d l i m, M.Sc
Prodi Pendidikan Kimia FKIP Unsyiah
 Learning Indicators
Students will be able to
Differenciate the atomic theory of Thomson, Rutherford,
Bohr & Wave menchanics theory
Explain the relation of electron structure with position in
table priodic.
Determine atomic term symbol
Describe the orbital molecule theory, & molecular term
symbol
Elaborate the redox balancing reaction, the uses of redox
in daily life
Describe various of salt foramtion reaction, formation of
complex compound
Discoveries in Atomic Structlrte
1896 A H Becquerel : Discovered radioactivity of uranium
1897 J J Thomson :Showed that electrons have a negative charge, with
charge/mass = 1 76 X 1011 C/kg
1909 R A. Miliken Measured the electron~charge (1 60 X lo-'' C); therefore, the
mass of 1 the electron IS 9 11 X kg, ---1--- of the mass of the H atom
1836
191 1 E. Rutherford Established the nuclear model of the atom (very small,
heavy nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space)
1913 H. G. J. Moseley Determined nuclear charges by X-ray emission,
establishing atomic numbers as more fundamental than atomic masses
A B C

E F
THOMSON EXPERIMENT
Thomson conclusion
There are particles inside atom, they have
negative charge, and they are called
electrons.
Rutherford Experiment
Rutherford conclusion
Atom has nucleus that has positive charge, &
electron serrounded the nucleous

William Draper Harkin

menduga adanya partikel
lain dalam inti atom selain
proton

Penemuan Neutron :

Baru pada tahun 1932 James

Chadwick membuktikan keberadaan
partikel neutron
Max Plank : Hot material emits radiation due to
electrons osilated in the matter

Ray behaves as a wave

Heinrich Hertz : UV ray was irradiated on a piece of

metal, it causes the electron emitted

It is concluded that electron

behave both as wave and
matter
 Every ray has own specific
wavelenght

White light has many The spectrum reflected the electron

wavelength exitation in a atom

Niel Bohr : atom has nucleus that has positive charge and
electrons serround the nuclues at certain energy level
.
Louis Victor de Broglie: All matter might behave
as wave
h : Planck contant = 6,626 x 10-34 J s,
h
m : mass, mass of elect.; 9,1 x 10-31 kg
v : velocity
mv

h 6,626 x1034 kg m2 s 2 s
= 31 1

mv 8
(9,1x10 kg)(3x10 ms )
0,243 x 10-11 m = 0,02
Erwin Schrdinger:
electron can be described in wave function

y = mx;

y is a function of x; or in math, it is stated that

y = f(x) H = E

H : Hemiltonian operator
E : energy, as eigen value
( psi) : electron wave function, eigen
function
 H = E

operator
function Eigen value

d (e-2x
) = -2e-2x
dx (r, , ) = Rnl (r ) Yl ,m ( , )
3/ 2
Z
Rnl (r ) f (r ) e
a0

1/ 2
1
Yl ,m ( , ) y ( , )
4
Write electron wave
function sub energy 3dz2.
Atomic Orbitals

Page 26
Block f
 Some possible
Atomic Term Symbols orbital fill in at
Ground State

1s2 2s2 2p1

5B Symbol

Symbol

Symbol

3d1
 Atomic Term Symbols

Bilangan kuantum magnetik; menyatakan nomor orbital yang berkaitan dengan

ml gerakan elektron pada sumbu-z. (di sekolah menengah : dilambangkan m untuk
menyatakan nomor orbital)
Bilangan kuantum spin; menyatakan arah rotasi elektron pada sumbunya +
ms
atau - elektron tunggal (di sekolah menengah : dilambangkan m)

M L ml
L ML S MS
M S ms

L=0 S
L=1 P 2 S 1
L=2
L=3
D
F
L
L=4 G
Kopling Spin-Orbital atau
Kopling LS 2 S 1
L
J
J = (L+S), (L+S-1), I L-S I

Write the atomic term symbol of ground state of

1. Fr, 2.Rn, 3.Mg,
4. Mn, 5. Br, 6. Sr,
7. Ni, 8. N, 9.Ar,
10. S, 11.I, 12.K,
13. Ca, 14. Al, 15.Sc, 16. Ti
Baca hal 20-35
 Muatan inti
bertambah

Jumlah
kulit
bertambah
Redox (oxidation & reduction)
Oxidation :
Reduction :
Oxidation state :
Oxidating agent :
Reducting agent :
Disproportoination
Disproportionation reaction are those in which a single element
is simultaneously oxidized and reduced.
(1) For the following reaction
2H2O2 ---> 2H2O + O2
 Cl2 + NaOH ---> NaClO + Cl- + H2O
 Example of some redox reaction

(a) MnO4- + 3 Mn2+ + 3 H2O 5 MnO2(s) + 4 H+

(b) MnO4- + 5 Fe2+ + 8 H+ Mn2+ + 5 Fe3+ + 4 H2O
(c) 2 Fe3+ + 3 I- 2 Fe2+ + I3-
(d) IO3- + 5 I- + 6 H+ 3 I2 + 3 H2O

Catatan : I3- + 2e 3 I-
(d) U4+ + 2 Ce4+ + 2 H2O UO22+ + 2 Ce3+ + 4 H+

1 mol IO3- 3 mol I2 6 mol S2O32-

Terima Kasih