STATES OF MATTER SOLID LIQUI GAS

Matter is made up of discrete particles that are so tiny

and cannot be seen with our naked eye or even by using
D
light microscope.

KINETIC THEORY Diagram Of

OF MATTER Particles
- states that matter is made up
of constantly moving , small and
discrete particles.

Particles
Arrangement
ACTIVITY: To show that matter is made up
of small and discrete particles
Materials and apparatus: Copper (II) sulphate crystal, water and Particles
beaker Movement

Procedure:
1. Pour 50ml of water into the beaker
2. Put a few crystals of copper (II) sulphate into beaker of Space Between
water. Observe the changes in the colour of the solution. Particles
3. Add another 50ml of water of water into the beaker and
record your observation.

Shape

Observation:
When the copper (II) sulphate crystals dissolve in the water, the
particles of the crystals scattered uniformly in between water Volume
particles. The particles of copper (II) sulphate solution makes the
water looks blue colour.

When 50 ml of water is added into the beaker, the intensity of Density

blue solution decreased because more water particles and less
copper (II) sulphate particles.

This showing that one crystals of copper (II) sulphate solution

contains thousands tiny and discrete particles. Compressibility

Conclusion: Matter is made up of small and discrete particles

3 examples By Puan Sofea, Beaconhouse Sri Murni

 Changes in state of matter
due to heat release and heat absorption

SOLID
When matter absorb When matter release
heat, it gain kinetic heat, it loses kinetic
energy and vibrate faster. energy and vibrate slower.
The heat also overcome The heat released makes
the force attraction of the force attraction of
particles make them particles stronger and
further apart. Finally, the boiling/evaporation hold them closer. Finally,
matter change into other LIQUID GAS the matter change into
state of matter. condensation other state of matter.
Point of
explanations
FREEZING MELTING BOILING/EVAP CONDENSATI SUBLIMATION
ORATION ON
Heat released/
absorbed
Kinetic energy of
particles
(gain/lose)
Particles vibration
(faster or slower)
Force of attraction

Particles
arrangement

Changes of state
of matter

By Puan Sofea, Beaconhouse Sri Murni

DIFFUSION RATE IN 3 STATES OF MATTER
DIFFUSION: A process in which the particles of substances move from a high concentration area to a low concentration area.

IN A SOLID IN A LIQUID IN A GAS

The gel turns blue after a few days The water turns blue after 2 hours The bromine gas fills both jars after
The rate of diffusion in solid is ____ The rate of diffusion in liquid is 15 minutes
_________ than in solid The rate of diffusion in gas is the
_________

Examples of Change of state of matter in daily life

SITUATION PROCESS CHANGES OF STATE OF MATTER

Clouds become rainwater

Preparation of salt from salt water

Heating of candle

Chocolate melts easily during hot day

Dry ice sublime and formed white smoke in room condition

Perfume drying up in an open bottle

By Puan Sofea, Beaconhouse Sri Murni
Temperature remains constant during boiling point, freezing point and
melting point.
Temperature of substance increase when heating, decrease when cooling.
However the temperature remains constant during boiling point, melting point and freezing point.
At Freezing point: kinetic energy is constant as heat released is used to ensure the force of attraction between
particles become stronger, changing liquid into solid.
At Melting point: kinetic energy is constant as heat absorbed is used to ensure the force of attraction between
particles become weaker, changing solid into liquid.
At Boiling point: kinetic energy is constant as heat absorbed is used to ensure the force of attraction between
particles become weaker, changing liquid into gas.

Mass of matter remains unchanged during physical change.

Because the quantity of particles does not change when heated or cooled. Physical change only involved the
changes in kinetic energy, particle movement and particle arrangement.
Example 1: Mass remain unchanged when Example 2: Mass before and after salt Example 3:: Mass of solid before and after
ice melts into water dissolved into water remain the same heating are the same

When melting the ice, the movement and When salt dissolves in water, the When solid is heated and become expand,
arrangement of particles are changed, the movement and arrangement of particles the movement and arrangement of
quantity of particles remain the same. are changed, the quantity of particles particles in solid are changed, the quantity
remain the same. of particles remain the same.

By Puan Sofea, Beaconhouse Sri Murni