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MODALS AUXILIARY

By:
Auliya Khoirunisa
Fadhyla Widya P.
Nadya Ayusandra L.
Rizki Utami M.

Rizqi Fitri N. (27)


Arifah Khoirianti
Primary Functions of Modal Verbs

Ability CAN
Permission MAY (might)/ CAN (could)
Prohibition MUSTNT / CANNOT
Prediction WILL / SHALL / MAY
Duty (escapable obligation) SHOULD
Obligation (inescapable) MUST
Request; Offer CAN / WILL
Possibility CAN / CANNOT
Absence of obligation NEEDNT
*Shall*
Used with "I" and "we" to talk about the future
(especially in formal British English)
Example:
"I shall leave tomorrow morning."
"We shall overcome."
"I shan't be late again.
Used with "I" and "we" to ask questions or make
suggestions
Example:
"Shall I close the door?"
"What shall we do tonight?"
"Let's start, shall we?"
It means will" in form Future Tense.
Example:
We shall go to Jakarta next week.
I shall meet you tomorrow.

Used to offer a help


Example:
Shall I help you?
Shall I do your homework?
*Should*
Used for advice or a strong
suggestion(recommendation)
Example:
If you want to be a champion you should practice
every day.
=You dont have to practice but then, you will
not get better.

When you make a cheese cake, you should first


check that you have cheese.
-or else, it will not be a cheese cake
Used to express regret in the past
Example:
John should (ought to) have done his homework. (in teh r
eal, he did not do homework)
*Ought to*
be supposed to= we expect him/her to
be allowed to = permission someone will let/permit him do
it.
Example:
Thats a great movie. You ought to see it! (or You must see it.)
The teacher is supposed to base the grades on the tests and
assignments.
On Friday, the students in our school dont have to wear the
school uniform. They are allowed to wear any color they want.
(They are permitted to / They can even wear a pink shirt with yellow
stripes.)
*Be Going to*
Used for volition/prediction and it showing someone's predictions about the
future things that someone speaks or writes about before they actually
happen (and also for will).
Example:
We seem to be going to have to keep on paying the full fee
A: Do you want to go for a cup of coffee?
B: No, thanks. I'm really tired and I'm going to
go to bed in just a few minutes.
(B has already made plans to go to bed soon, so she/he
uses be going to, not will.)
A: Are you looking forward to your vacation?
B: Yes, very much. I'm going to visit some
friends in San Francisco.
(B has already made plans to visit friends in San Francisco,
so she/he uses be going to, not will.)
THANK
YOU

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