CONSTRUCTION & QUALITY

CONTROL OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT

Dr. N.K.S. Pundhir

Senior Principal Scientist
E-mail: pundhir.crri@nic.in

CSIR- Central Road Research Institute,

New Delhi-110025
 GSB Construction

Spreading GSB in small areas

Spreading GSB material using grader

08/11/2017 5
QUALITY CHECKING OF EMULSION

1
Coagulation Test

2
Rolling Drum for Emulsion Mixing
CRACK PREVENTION LAYER

SAM : STRESS ABSORBING MEMBRANE

- With Use of PMB

SAMI : STRESS ABSORBING MEMBRANE

INTERLAYER - With Use of PMB

- Open Graded Mix

 PMC
MSS
A B
 Table : Permissible variations from Designed Mix
Permissible
S.
Description Variations by Weight
No.
of total mix (percent)
Aggregate passing 13.2 mm or larger
1. # 8
size
Aggregate passing 11.2 mm sieve and
2. # 7
5.6 mm sieve
Aggregate passing 2.8 mm sieve and
3. # 6
1.4 mm sieve
Aggregate passing 710 micron sieve
4. # 5
and 355 micron sieve
5. Aggregate passing 180 micron sieve # 4
6. Aggregate passing 90 micron sieve # 3
7. Bitumen residue # 0.3
 SDBC
BC
 Table : Physical Requirements of Coarse Aggregate
30 IS : 2386 (Part IV)
Aggregate Impact value (%) (max.)
Los Angeles Abrasion value (%) 40 IS : 2386 (Part IV)
(max.)
Flakiness and Elongation Indices 30 IS : 2386 (Part IV)
(%) (max.)
Coating value (mm ) 75 IS : 8887 : 2004
(min..)
Water Absorption (per cent) 2 (max.) IS : 2386 (Part III)

Soundness (Loss with Sodium 12 IS : 2386 (Part V)

sulphate) (max.)

Soundness, (Loss with 18 IS : 2386 (Part V)

Magnesium sulphate) (max.)
SDBC
QUALITY CHECKING OF SURFACING
 TESTS CONDUCTED

Crust Thickness

Binder Content

Aggregates Gradation
Mastic Asphalt Layer
 RANGE OF TEMPERATURE FOR
DIFFERENT OPERATION
Operation 30/40 60/70 80/100
Spraying 165-200oC 155-190oC 150-190oC
Mixing 160-175oC 150-165oC 140-160oC
Rolling 100-135oC 95-125oC 90-120oC
 Granular Sub Base
The Wet Mix Macadam shall
be prepared in a mixing plant
/ pugmil having provision for
controlled addition diluted
emulsion at OMC 0.5%

The mixed material shall be

spreaded evenly upon the
prepared surface of sub base
so that compacted thickness
of 75 mm is obtained.
WMM Plant
Testing of Paving Bitumens Requirements
Specific Gravity
Water content
Flash Point
Softening Point
Penetration
Ductility
Thin film oven test
Solubility in trichloroethylene
Wax content
 Table : Requirements of Paving Bitumen (IS: 73-2006)

Characteristics VG-10 VG-20 VG-30 VG -40 Method

Absolute Viscosity, 800 1600 2400 3200 IS:1206

600C, Poise, min
Kinematics Viscosity 250 300 350 400 IS:1206
, 1350C, cSt, min
Flash Point, min, 0C ,COC 220 220 220 220 IS:1209
Softening Point, min, 0C,R&B 40 45 47 50 IS:1205
Penetration, 0.1mm, at 250C 80-100 60-80 50-70 40-60 IS:1203
Ductility, cm, min, 250C,TFOT 75 50 40 25 IS:1208
Viscosity Ratio at 60 0C, max. 4 4 4 4 IS:1206
Solubility in TCE, min., % 99 99 99 99 IS:1216
 QUALITY CONTROL TESTS ON PMB
Quality Control tests specified in:

IRC specifications (IRC- SP: 53-2002) and

IS 15462

The following tests on PMB, may be conducted at hot

mix plant site before their use in road works.
- Penetration
- Softening point
- Ductility
- Elastic recovery using ductilometer
- Separation test
 Requirements of Polymer Modified Binders (EMB)
(Elastomeric Thermoplastics Based)
Designation Grade and Requirements

PMB 120 PMB 70 PMB 40 Method of Test

Penetration at 250C, 0.1 mm, 90 to 150 50 to 90 30 to 50 IS : 1203 1978
100g, 5 Sec.
Softening Point, (R&B), 0C, Minimum 50 55 60 IS : 1205 1978

Ductility at 270C, cm +75 +60 +50 IS : 1208 1978

Frass Breaking Point, 0C, * Maximum -24 -18 -12 IS : 9381 1978

Flash Point, by COC 0C, Minimum 220 220 220 IS : 1209 1978

Elastic Recovery of Half Thread in 75 75 75 IRC : SP : 53-2002

Ductilomerter at 150C, %, Minimum
Separation, Difference in Softening Point, 3 3 3 IRC : SP : 53-2002
R& B 0C, Maximum
Viscosity at 1500C, Poise 1-3 2-6 3-9 IS : 1206 1978
Test on Thin Film Oven Test Residue, TFOT (IS 9382 1992)
Loss in Weight, %, Maximum 1.0 1.0 1.0 IS : 9382 1982

Increase in Softening Point, 0C. 7 6 5 IS : 1205 1978

Maximum
Reduction in Penetration of Residue, at 35 35 35 IS : 1203 1978
250C, %, Maximum
Elastic Recovery of Half Thread in 50 50 50 IRC : SP : 53-2002
Ductilometer at 250C, %, Minimum
 TEST PROCEDURES (IS: 8887-2004)
Residue on 600 micron IS sieve
Coagulation of emulsion at low temperature
Storage stability after 24 hrs.,
Particle charge
Viscosity by Saybolt Furol Viscometer
Stability to mixing with coarse aggregate, %
coagulation
Coating ability and water resistance
Coating, dry aggregates
Coating after spraying water
Coating, wet aggregates
Coating after spraying water
Test on Residue
 Test Results of Cationic Bitumen Emulsion

S. No. Properties of Bitumen Emulsion Results obtained

RS-2 MS SS-2
1) Residue on 600 micron IS sieve (% mass) 0.02 0.01 0.01
2) Viscosity by Saybolt Furol viscometer, seconds
At 250C -- - 33.0
At 500C 152 101.4 -
3) Coagulation of emulsion at low temperature Nil Nil Nil
4) Storage stability after 24 hrs., %, max. 0.6 0.4 0.1
5) Particle charge +ve +ve +ve
6) Stability to mixing with coarse aggregate, % coagulation -- -- --

7) Coating ability and water resistance

(a) Coating, dry aggregates -- Good -
Coating after spraying water -- Fair -
(b) Coating, wet aggregates -- Fair -
Coating after spraying water -- Fair -
8) Stability to mixing cement, %coagulation X X 1.1
9) Miscibility with water (coagulation) Nil Nil Nil
10) Test on residue :
(a) Residue by evaporation, % 67 66.1 61.7
(b) Penetration, d mm at 250C/100 gm/5 sec. 90 96 105
(c) Ductility, 270C/cm., 75+ 100+ 87
(d) Solubility in Trichloroethylene, % 98.6 99.0 100+
 Any Laboratory/Field Problem
Free to Contact:
Dr. S.Gangopadhyaya
Director
Central Road Research Institute
Delhi- Mathura Road, P.O.CRRI
New Delhi - 110 025
Fax : 91 11 6845943 Dr. N.K.S. Pundhir
Senior Principal Scientist,
Flexible Pavement Division
Central Road Research Institute
Delhi- Mathura Road, New Delhi - 25
M - 91 9818508305
E-mail pundhir.crri@nic.in