3G Idle Mode Manner

Idle Mode Behavior

PLMN selection
Rooming
Cell Selection
Cell Reselection
Paging
Location Update and Routing area update
IDLE MODE
UE in IDLE MODE has the following properties :
Powered ON , No connection to the Radio Network
For Example the UE has no SIM
UE is synchronized with Radio Network and can read broadcast information
Updating Network with its LAC so that It could be reachable

Services in Idle Mode :

Normal Service
HPLMN
Limited Service
Cant find the HPLMN so it selects any accepted level cell at any other PLMN
Operator reserved services
Operator can reserve any cell for testing only and this through parameters
IDLE MODE (Contd)
1-PLMN Selection

UE decide which PLMN it should register in

Happens When the Mobile :

Turned on
Back from limiting service

Types of PLMN selection

Automatic PLMN selection
Manual PLMN selection
IDLE MODE (Contd)
Automatic PLMN selection
Mobile select the PLMN as follow :
HPLMN (when opening the UE)
Operator controlled PLMN list in the USIM, in order of priority
User controlled PLMNs stored in USIM
Other PLMNs according to the high quality criteria CPICH RSCP power is >= 95dBm
Other PLMNs that dont fulfill high quality criteria
Initial Cell Selection Automatic Mode
IDLE MODE (Contd)
Manual PLMN Selection
UE displays all the available PLMNS after carriers scanning
All the available PLMNs will appear
End User will chose one PLMN

2-Roaming
UE will be able to obtain services from another PLMN
Same country (national roaming)
Another country (international roaming)
Every 30 minutes the UE try to reselect its home PLMN
3-Cell selection
IDLE MODE (Contd)
Cell selection procedure
The cell consider as accepted if

Squal > 0 and Srxlev > 0

Squal = Qqualmeas qQualMin

Qqualmeas is CPICH Ec/No

qQualMin is minimum required Ec/No
Qqualmeas > qQualMin

Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas qRxlevMin

Qrxlevmeas is CPICH RSCP

qRxlevMin is minimum required RSCP
Qrxlevmeas > qRxlevMin
4-Cell Re-selection
Cell reselection procedure
When it occurs
When cell on which it is camping is no longer suitable
When there is any neighbor with better quality than the selected one

3G F1 3G F2 GSM

3G F1
Cell reselection procedure(Contd)
1- Intra frequency measurements starts when

Squal <= Sintrasearch

SintraSearch : Controls when intrafrequency measurements are performed

Qqualmeas qQualMin <= Sintrasearch

Qqualmeas <= Sintrasearch + qQualMin

2. Inter frequency measurements starts when

Squal <= SinterSearch

Sintersearch : Controls when intterfrequency measurements are performed

Qqualmeas qQualMin <= SinterSearch

Qqualmeas <= SinterSearch + qQualMin

Cell reselection procedure(Contd)
3. GSM measurements starts when

Squal <= sRatSearch

Qqualmeas <= sRatSearch + qQualMin

Qqualmeas <= sRatSearch + qQualMin

OR

Srxlev <= SHcsRat

Qrxlevmeas <= SHcsRat +qRxlevMin

sRatSearch : Controls quality Threshold at which GSM measurements are performed

SHcsRat : Controls Signal Strength Threshold at which GSM measurements are performed
Cell reselection procedure(Contd)

Qqualmeas

-14
SRAT Search=4dB

Qqualmin
-18

GSM measurement

Time
Cell reselection procedure(Contd)
QRxlevmeas

-112
SHcsSearch=3dB

Qrxlevmin
GSM measurement
-115

Time
Cell reselection procedure(Contd)
When the UE triggers cell reselections procedure it starts ranking for the cell satisfy
Scriteria (Squal > 0 and Srxlev > 0) and the ranking will be according Rcriteria

R(serving)= Qmeas(s)+qHyst(s)
R(neighbor)= Qmeas(n)qOffset(s,n)

Qmeas: is the quality value of the received signal

oCPICH Ec/No
oCPICH RSCP

qHyst(s): hystersis value sent to mobile in system information used to delay the reselection
oqHyst1 if the ranking based on CPICH RSCP
oqHyst2 if the ranking based on CPICH Ec/No
Cell reselection procedure(Contd)

qOffset(s,n): is the offset between the serving and the neighbor cell also used to shift the cell
boarder
qOffset1sn : if the ranking based on RSCP.
qOffset2sn : if the ranking based on Ec/No

qualMeasQuantity
is the parameter that determine if we will do the ranking based on RSCP or Ec/No

The UE reselect the better cell if it stay better for time interval more than Treselection
Cell reselection procedure(Contd)
UMTS to UMTS cell
Qmeas
R(S) Qmeas(n)
R(n) >R(S) R(n)
qHyst2=4 qOffset2SN=o
Qmeas(S)

TreSelection

Cell Re-Selection to Neig Time

Cell reselection procedure(Contd)

UMTS to GSM cell Reselection

Qmeas

R(S) Qmeas(n) (GSM)

qHyst1=4
qoffset1SN

Qmeas(S) R(N)

qrxlevmin
+SHcsSearch

TreSelection
Qrxlevmin
R(N)>R(S) Cell Re-Selection to Neig (GSM)

Qmeas(S)< qrxlevmin+SHcsSearch
Time

GSM measurements
 First Carrier 2nd Carrier

F2

F1
Data

Data F1
Voice
Voice

Increase the PS Traffic leads to increase interference on the cell

oAs the PS needed more power
This will impact the voice traffic quality
5-Location Update
Location Update
If the LAI read on system information has been changed

LAU and RAU managed by CN

Example :LOCATION UPDATING 1 2

2
3
4 RNC
5

1-The UE reads from system information that the LAI is not the same as that stored in the USIM.
This triggers UE to update the location area.

2-The UE tries to access the network and sends a request message to the RNC, via the RBS
The RNC checks if it is possible to allocate a dedicated channel to the UE.

3- Resources in the RBS and over the Iub interface are reserved by the RNC and are ACK by the RBS

4. Information about the new channel is sent to the UE with a setup message.

5. Synchronization is achieved between the UE and the RBS

Location Update
1 2 7
2
3 8
4 RNC VLR HLR
10
5 MSC
6 11
9
12
13

6-The UE sends the request to update the location information to the CN.
oThis message also carries the IMSI and old LAI.
oIu signaling bearer is set up between the RNC and the CN.
oThere is now a signaling connection between the UE and the CN.
oAs this is the first time the UE accesses this service area (the subscriber is unknown in the VLR).
7-The VLR sends a request to the subscribers HLR for Authentication Information.
8- The HLR sends this information to the VLR(Subscriber is OK).
9-MSC/VLR starts to authenticate the subscriber.
oThis message is transparent over WCDMA RAN.
10-After Authentication, the VLR asks the HLR to update its Location information for the IMSI and with
the new VLR address
11- VLR receives an acknowledgement from the HLR.
12-The MSC/VLR transmits an acceptance to the UE, UE updates the location information in the USIM.
13- The signaling connection is released.
Location Update
Types of Updates

Periodic
oOccurs periodically after timer T3212 for LAU
oThe value of the timer sent to the UE over BCCH
oCN parameter.
owhen the UE is in connected mode and the timer expired then the UE wait until enter
idle mode again to perform the periodic LA

Normal
oOccurs when the UE change its LA, the UE discover the changes after comparing the new
Cell LAC with the stored values in the USIM
 LAC Planning Principles

LAC 1
LAC 1 LAC 1
LAC 1 LAC 1

LAC 1 LAC 1
LAC1 LAC 1
LAC 1 LAC 1
LAC 2 LAC 1
LAC 1 LAC 1
LAC 1 LAC 1
LAC 1 LAC 1
LAC 1 LAC 1
LAC 1 LAC 1
LAC 1 LAC 1
IMSI attach and detach

IMSI attach occurs when the UE activated and the detach occurs when UE deactivated
This function used to prevent unnecessary paging for the off UEs
IMSI attach is an optional function and it is managed by cell parameter called ATT
If ATT set to 1 it means the UE should do IMSI attach and detach
6-Paging
Is the process through it the CN inform the UE there is a service request

Paging occurs in the following states

Idle
Dedicated

Paging in Idle mode

oPICH and SCCPCH are used to page the UE
oPICH used to tell the UE when to read SCCPCH
oSCCPCH used to carry RRC message type1 which includes actual paging info and the
number of times the WCDMA RAN will retransmit the paging

Paging in dedicated
oWhen the establish connection between UE and RAN is existing Paging type 2 message
are sent to the user it is carried on DCCH so it is only for one user.
Thank You