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Session
Surface Chemistry - 1
Session Objectives
Adsorption
Adsorption versus absorption
Types of adsorption: physisorption and chemisorption
Desorption
Adsorption isotherms: Freundlich and Langmuir
Adsorption isobar
Catalysis
Adsorption
Adsorbent
The substance on the surface of which adsorption takes
place is called adsorbent
Adsorbate
The substance which is being adsorbed on the
surface of another substance.
Desorption
The process of removal of an adsorbed substance from
the surface on which it is absorbed
Adsorbent Materials
Activated Carbon
Activated Alumina
Silica Gel
1. Physical adsorption
2. Chemical adsorption
x
p1
m
At high pressure x/m becomes
independent of p
x
p0
m
Over a narrow range of p
m
K p1/ n
x
Freundlich Isotherm
M n
log logK logp
X 1
Langmuir isotherm
Rate of desorption rd =k df
k ap
At equilibrium, ra = rd; f = .........(i)
k ap+k d
x
Mono-layer coverage =k 'af .........(2)
m
Langmuir adsorption isotherm:
Combining equations (1) and (2):
ap
x /m
1 bp
a = ka x ka/kd
b = ka/kd
In clarification of sugar
In gas masks
In catalysis
In adsorption indicators
In chromatographic analysis
In preserving vacuum
In paint industry
Temperature Pressure
Catalysts!!!!
Add other Chemicals
Why Catalysis ?
What is a Catalyst ?
How Catalysts Work ?
Role of a Catalyst
Catalysts speed up a chemical reaction
without being used up...
Catalyst-Reactants
Catalyst + Reactants
Catalyst + Products
Hydrogenation of alkene
Important properties of catalyst
Positive catalysis
MnO
2KClO3
2 2KCl 3O
2
270 C
Negative catalysis
Alcohol
2CHCl3 O2 2COCl2 2HCl
Auto catalysis
Homogeneous catalysis
Heterogeneous catalysis
Enzyme catalysis
Reaction Catalyst
1. C12H22O11 H2O C6H12O6 C6H12O6 Invertase
Sucrose Glucose Fructose
NO!!!