SUBMITTED TO:-Mr.

KULDEEP SINGH

SUBMITTED BY:-VIKASH
 What is embedded system.
Application Areas.
Software used.
Definition of microcontroller.
Difference B/W microcontroller and microprocessor.
Types of microcontroller.
Block diagram of 8051 microcontroller.
Pin diagram of 8051 microcontroller.
Interfacing of microcontroller.
Project.
 Embedded System is a System dedicated for
particular Real Time Application.
Electronic devices that incorporate a
microprocessor or microcontroller within their
implementation.
It is combination of hardware and software.
Its a special purpose computer.
 Automotive electronics

Aircraft electronics

Trains

Telecommunication
 Medical system-

Military applications-
 We used keil software to write Programming
code in the microcontroller.
We used Proteus 7 Professional for simulation.
We used Flash Magic for burning Program in
the Microcontroller.
 A microcontroller is a small computer on a single
integrated circuit containing a processor core,
memory, and programmable input/output
peripherals.
The fixed amount of on-chip ROM, RAM, and
number of I/O ports makes them ideal for many
applications in which cost and space are critical.
An embedded product uses a microcontroller to
do one task and one task only.
 DIFFERENCE B/W
MICROPROCESSOR AND
MICROCONTROLLER:-
MICROPROCESSOR MICROCONTROLLER

The functional blocks are ALU registers, It includes functional blocks of microprocessors
timing & control units & in addition has timer, parallel i/o, RAM,
EPROM,ADC & DAC

Bit handling instruction is less, One or two Many type of bit handling Instruction
type only

Rapid movements of code and data between Rapid movements of code and data within MC
external memory & MP
It is used for designing general purpose digital They are used for designing application specific
computers system dedicated systems
 8051 microcontroller
PIC microcontroller
AVR microcontroller
ARM microcontroller
The 8051 is an 8-bit processor:-
The CPU can work on only 8 bits of data at a time
The 8051 has:-
128 bytes of RAM
4K bytes of on-chip ROM
Two timers
One serial port
Four I/O ports, each 8 bits wide
6 interrupt sources
 #include <reg51.h>
Void main(void)
{
P0=0X00;
}
We have two type of 7 segment
a)Common anode b) Common cathode
Deci- h g f e d c b a hex.
0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 c0
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 f9
2 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 a4
3 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 b0
4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 99
5 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 92
6 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 82
7 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 f8
8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 80
9 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 98
Relay-
Relay are used to drive the high current and
voltage application example --to on off ac bulb,
motor.
Connection shown in figure-
 Both relay and buzzer cannot directly connect
to the microcontroller because it works on high
voltage so a driver ckt is req. as shown in fig.
 LCD is Liquid crystal display . We used 16*2
alphanumerical display to display the character.
It has 16 pin.
1) Vss- Vss is connected to the ground.
2) Vcc-Vcc is connected to +5V.
3) Contrast Voltage- Vee is used for controlling LCD
Contrast. Variable pin of . . .
VariableResistor of 10K is connected to this pin.
4) RS- RS is used for the selection of internal resistors of
LCD.
If RS=0, then Command Register is selected.
If RS=1, then Data Register is selected
5) R/W- R/W input allows user to write information to the
LCD or read information from it. R/W=1 when Reading;
R/W=0 when Writing
6) EN- This enable pin is used by the LCD to latch
information presented to its data pins. When data is
supplied to data pins, a High-to-low pulse must be applied
to this pin.
7) Pin 7-14 The 8-bit data pins, D0-D7 are used to send
information to LCD or
read the contents of the LCDs internal registers. To Display
letters and numbers, ASCII codes for letters and numbers
are sent to these pins while making RS=1.