AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING

RESEARCH GROUP (AERG)

Design And Simulation Of Side Charged Phase Change Material For Energy Storage In Concentrating Solar Thermal Cooking Stove
LITERATURE REVIEW
PREPARED BY : ANG CHAN MUN (MA11131) Thermal Energy Storage (TES)
SUPERVISOR : DR. FTWI YOHANESS HAGOS
CO-SUPERVISOR : PROF. YUSOFF BIN ALI
Sensible Heat Storage Latent Heat Storage

INTRODUCTION
Phase Change Material (PCM)
Phase change material (PCM) changes its state from solid to liquid or liquid to gas, it will absorbs heat energy at nearly
constant temperature until it completely changed its state. On the contrary, if the material change from gas back to liquid or liquid
back to solid, thermal energy will be released at about the same temperature. The heat energy required for the material to Inorganic Eutectic
Organic PCM
PCM PCM
completely change its state called latent heat. The latent heat can be stored for later used such as cooking in the evening.

Figure 2: Working mechanism of PCM. Figure 3: Categorization of PCM.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

Fossil fuel prices hike nowadays.

Cheaper and cleaner alternative energy is needed.
Solar energy only can be harvested during day.
A method must be found to store the solar thermal energy obtained in the day for cooking purposes during night time.
Need to find a kind of heat storage material to be used in the thermal energy storage system.

OBJECTIVES

1. Design the thermal energy storage for solar cooking application with utilization of phase change material (PCM).
2. Find the most suitable PCM in terms of physical, thermal, chemical and economical for solar cooking stove.
3. Do simulation on the thermal energy storage for solar cooking stove using PCM for the evaluation of loading and
offloading of heat. Figure 5: Model of the thermal energy storage.
Figure 4: Temperature range of various PCMs.
SCOPES

The path of study of this project involves the modeling and design of the thermal energy storage and choosing the right
FORMULA

PCM. Furthermore, the model is being simulated using Ansys to find the most suitable type of PCM energy storage. However, FORMULA The latent heat of melting process:
this project mostly does not deal with the processes and manufacturing.
The amount of heat transfer from heat transfer fluid:

PRELIMINARY STUDY
METHODOLOGY where

where = latent heat,

Start = heat transfer, m = mass,
= mass flow rate, = solid phase heat capacity,
= specific heat, = melting temperature,
Study the materials available = temperature of fluid going into the system, = initial temperature,
(Literature Reviews) = temperature of fluid going out of the system, = final temperature,
= melt fraction,
= heat of fusion,
Preliminary study on the thermal = liquid phase capacity
energy storage model

Figure 7: 3D model of thermal energy

Manual calculation using storage. FORMULA
formulae
FORMULA Assuming steady operating condition:

Design shape and size of thermal Heat from PCM to the cover:
energy storage model

No
where,
= heat transfer coefficient inside the tank,
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
Check if the model
is suitable = area of the cover,
= temperature of PCM,
= temperature of the cover surface (inside the tank),
= emissivity, cover
Yes
= Stefan Boltzmans constant,
Select a suitable phase change material (PCM)
according to its properties Heat conduction in the cover:

Simulate the model together with PCM using

ANSYS
No where.
= thermal conductivity,
= temperature of the cover (outside the tank), PCM
= thickness of the cover.
Analyze and calculate if Figure 6: Schematic diagram for the formulae.
the model is suitable
Heat from the cover to surrounding:

Yes HYPOTHESIS
Report writing
The larger the area of the PCM contact, the more heat it can supply. More
where, volume of the PCM can store more energy but it takes more time to charge
= heat transfer coefficient outside the tank, and discharge the heat. The fins in the PCM tank able to enhance the heat
End = temperature of the surrounding (ambient), transfer rate.

Figure 1: Methodology flow chart

REFERENCES
GANTT CHART 1. CENGEL, Y. A. & GHAJAR, A. J. 2011. Heat and Mass Transfer: Fundamentals and Applications Fourth Edition in SI units, Singapore, McGraw Hill.
Table 1: Gantt chart for progress
Week 2. SHARMA, A., TYAGI, V. V., CHEN, C. R. & BUDDHI, D. 2009. Review on thermal energy storage with phase change materials and applications. Renewable and
No. Activities
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13, 318-345.
1 Proposal development

2 Literature reviews
3. CHIU, J. N. 2011. Heat transfer aspects of using phase change material in thermal energy storage applications.
Facilities availability
3 (software training) 4. CABEZA, L. F., CASTELL, A., BARRENECHE, C., DE GRACIA, A. & FERNNDEZ, A. I. 2011. Materials used as PCM in thermal energy storage in buildings: A
Writing of Chapter 1 review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15, 1675-1695.
4 Introduction
Writing of Chapter 2
5. AGYENIM, F., HEWITT, N., EAMES, P. & SMYTH, M. 2010. A review of materials, heat transfer and phase change problem formulation for latent heat thermal energy
5 literature reviews
storage systems (LHTESS). Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14, 615-628.
Writing of Chapter 3 -
6 Methodology
6. MILISIC, E. 2013. Modelling of energy storage using phase-change materials (PCM materials).
7 Preliminary study

Expected progress Actual progress

M.M.Noor
AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING
RESEARCH GROUP (AERG)

M.M.Noor
AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING
RESEARCH GROUP (AERG)

M.M.Noor