INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

LOGIC GATES
- NEERAJth JAISWAL
12 “A”
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 
 

I wish to express my deep gratitude and

sincere thanks to the Principal, Mrs.
Neelam Malvia, o f K.V NO.2 Indore, for
his encouragement and for all the
facilities that he provided for this
project work. I sincerely appreciate his
magnanimity by taking me into his field
for which I shall remain indebted to. I
extend my hearty thanks to Mrs. Geeta
Jog, Informatics Practices teacher, who
guided me to the successful completion of
this project. I take this opportunity to
express my deep sense of gratitude for
her invaluable guidance, constant
encouragement, immense motivation,
which has sustained my eforts at all the
stages of this Project work.
 
I can’t forget to offer my sincere thanks
 KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA NO.2
INDORE ( M.P )

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that NEERAJ JAISWAL, a student of class XII-A

has successfully completed the research on the mentioned topic
under the guidance of Mrs. Geeta Jog (Subject Teacher) during the
year 2017-18 in partial fulfillment of chemistry practical
examination, conducted by AISSCE, New Delhi.

Signature of external teacher Signature of subject teacher

Signature of Principal
 TABLE OF CONTENT

S.NO CONTENT PAGE

1. Introduction 1
2. Basic Terminology 2
3. Basic Gates 4
4. OR Gate 6
5. AND Gate 8
6. NOT Gate 10
7. NAND Gate 12
8. NOR gate 14
9. Bibliography 16
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11.
 THE NAND GAT
•The NAND gate is the one of the popular logic
element because it can be
used as a universal gate; that is NAND gate can be
used in combination to
perform the AND, OR, and inverter operations.
• NAND Gate is constructed by attaching NOT Gate
at the output of AND
Gate, hence NAND Gate is called NOT- AND Gate.
• NAND Gate has two or more input and only one
output.
• The output of NAND gate is low when all inputs
are high, otherwise all outputs
are high.

A NAND gate produces a Low output only when

all the inputs are High.
When any of the inputs is Low, the output will be
High.

Logical symbol

12.
 OPERATION OF A NAND
GATE
Truth Table

• It’s logical expression is, X=

(AB)’

13.
 THE NOR GAT
• The NOR gate, like the NAND gate, NOR gate is
also useful logical element
because it can also be used as a universal gate.
• NOR gate can be used in combination to perform
the AND, OR and Inverter
operations.
• NOR Gate is the combination of NOT gate at the
output of OR gate, hence
NOR gate is type of NOT-OR gate.
• NOR gate has two or more input and only one
output.
• The Output of NOR gate is high when all inputs
are low otherwise the output
is low.

• A NOR gate produces a Low output when any of

its inputs is high. Only when
all of it’s inputs are low is the output high.

Logical symbol

14.
 Truth Table

• It’s expression is, X=(A+B)’

15.
16.
 END OF THE PROJECT

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