HYBRID RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEM

FOR DESALINISATION
 FRESH WATER AVAILABILITY
Fresh World Water Resources
Water
The Worlds Water
 97% Sea Water
 3% Fresh Water

Salt Water
 NEED FOR DESALINATION

•Fresh water demand is expected to increase due to population growth

and increased standard of living

• available fresh water from conventional sources is assessed not to be

able to cover the total demand

• The ocean is the only perennial source of water. Their main problem is
obviously their high salinity. The removal of salinity is accomplished by
several desalination methods
 RO DESALINATION

A simple diagram of reverse osmosis, the most commonly used

membrane process for desalination. In this diagram, high pressure
is applied to salt water, forcing water molecules through a
membrane with very small holes while leaving the salt behind
REASON FOR CHOOSING RO TECHNIQUE

•Desalination requires a considerable

amount of energy. Membrane desalination
(RO) requires only electricity

•while thermal desalination (MSF, MED)

requires both electricity and thermal energy,
and – in total – more energy than the
membrane process.
 FAVOURABLE CONDITIONS FOR USING
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES FOR
DESALINIZATION IN REMOTE AREAS

•. There are many remote parts of the country which does not have
conventional source of power

•costs of extending the electricity grid to these places are very high

•Fortunately, there are many parts of the country that have water
shortage but have exploitable renewable sources of energy that could
be used to drive desalination processes.
 HYBRID POWER SYSTEM: MULTIPLE
RENEWABLE ENERGIES: AN EFFICIENT
APPROACH

•The intermittent nature of renewable sources, use of

any particular renewable energy resource based
system may lead to component over-sizing and
unnecessary operational and lifecycle costs.

•Such limitations can be overcome by combining one or

more renewable energy resources in a form of a
hybrid system.

• Hybrid systems improve load factors

plants and save maintenance and replacement costs,
as the renewable resource components complement
each other.
SOLAR AND WIND ENERGY: A COMPATIBLE PAIR
•The complementary features of wind and solar
resources make the use of hybrid wind–solar systems
to drive a desalination unit a promising alternative

• usuallywhen there is no sun the wind is stronger and

vice versa

• It should be noted, however, that there will be conditions when

both solar and wind energy is not available

•This implies that the process operates only partially when the
energy is available unless some storage device is used.

•This implies that the process operates

only partially when the energy is available unless
some storage device is used. Batteries are one such
storage devices which can be used.
 SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM:A REVIEW
Solar Energy can be converted into electricity by using solar cells
How Solar Cells Work
Photovoltaic Diode (Solar Cell) Photodiodes, also known as PV cells or solar
cells, generate an electric current when light energy of sufficient magnitude
impinges on the semiconductor lattice near to a P-N junction. If the photon
energy in the light beam is less than the band gap, the energy is simply
dissipated as heat and no electrons are released into the conduction band
and no current flows. If however the energy level of the photons is equal to, or
higher than, the band gap of the semiconductor material, it will cause the
covalent bonds in the semiconductor to be broken as electrons jump the
band gap into the conduction band. Both the electron and the vacant site left
behind by the electron in the valence band (the hole) then act as free charge
carriers and contribute to the possible current.
 PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM
A photovoltaic system, also photovoltaic power system, solar PV system, PV system or
casually solar array, is a power system designed to supply usable solar power by
means of photovoltaics. It consists of an arrangement of several components,
including above mentioned solar panels to absorb and directly convert sunlight into
electricity, a solar inverter to change the electrical current from DC to AC, as well as
mounting, cabling and other electrical accessories to set-up a working system.
PHOTOVOLTAIC ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION
 WIND ENERGY SYSTEM:A REVIEW

•Wind is a form of solar energy. Winds are caused by the uneven heating of
the atmosphere by the sun, the irregularities of the earth's surface, and
rotation of the earth. Wind flow patterns are modified by the earth's terrain,
bodies of water, and vegetative cover. This wind flow, or motion energy, when
"harvested" by modern wind turbines, can be used to generate electricity.

• Wind Turbines
Wind turbines, like aircraft propeller blades, turn in the moving air and power
an electric generator that supplies an electric current. Simply stated, a wind
turbine is the opposite of a fan. Instead of using electricity to make wind, like
a fan, wind turbines use wind to make electricity. The wind turns the blades,
which spin a shaft, which connects to a generator and makes electricity.
SMALL SCALE WIND POWER GENERATION
HYBRID SYSTEM MODEL
 COMPONENTS

•PV modules provide DC power where as the wind turbine produces AC

power.

•The power generated is managed accordingly in Regulation and

conversion block which is composed of
-AC DC converter
-Boost Converter
-Inverter

• Storage batteries are provided to store excess power for future use.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
SCENARIOS OF ENERGY SUPPLY
CHARGING/DISCHARGING SCHEDULE
 CONCLUSION

In this presentation, a review of renewable energy based

desalination systems with Solar PV and Wind turbines was
presented. Then the hybrid power system comprising of both
of the above with storage batteries was introduced. It is
found that a combination of Solar PV modules, Wind
turbines, battery storage system and suitable power
converter is capable of supplying power at lower cost per unit
of energy with minimum capital investment without causing
any damages to the environmental system.
THANK YOU