Professional Documents
Culture Documents
AGE
Developing morphology
Ossification centres appear
Germination of teeth
Haase’s rule-age in lunar months
If Crown heel length is <25 cm, age
in months = square root of length
If Crown heel length is >25 cm, age
in months = length / 5
From birth to 25 years
Physical features
Teeth
Ossification of bones
Temporary teeth
TOOTH ERUPTION
Lower central incisor 6-8months
Upper central incisor 7-9 months
Upper lateral incisor 7-9 months
Lower lateral incisor 10-12months
First molar 12-14 months
Canine 17-18 months
Second molar 20-30 months
Permanent teeth
TOOTH ERUPTION
First molar 6-7 yrs
Central incisor 6-8 yrs
Lateral incisor 8-9 yrs
1st premolar 9-11 yrs
2nd premolar 10-12 yrs
Canine 11-12 yrs
2nd molar 12-14 yrs
3rd molar 17-25 yrs
Ossification centres
Physical features
Teeth- Gustafson s method
Changes in skeleton- closure of skull
sutures
Gustafson s method
Attrition
Paradentosis
Secondary dentine
Root resorption
Transparency of root
Cementum apposition
Gustafson s method
Juvenile offender-
BELOW 18 yrs
Juvenile court
Rehabilitation school
Consent
Sec 89 IPC- child < 12 yrs cannot give
valid consent to suffer any harm which
may occur from an act done in good faith
& for his/ her benefit.
Sec 87 IPC- child < 18 yrs cannot give
valid consent( implied or expressed) to
suffer any harm which may result from an
act not intended or not known to cause
death or grievous hurt. E.g. wrestling
contest
Kidnapping
Sec 361-366 IPC- offence of
kidnapping- girl less than 18, boy
less than 16 yrs
Malaysia-girl >16, boy>14yrs)
Sec 369 IPC- child less than 10 yrs
Sec 366(A), 372, 373 IPC- less than
18 yr girl for Prostitution
Sec 366(B)importing less than 21 yr
girl for Prostitution
Rape
Sec 375 IPC – girl below 16 yrs
Wife below 15 yrs
Marriage
Child Marriage Act
Girl above 18 & boy above 21
Cohabitation
Section 493 I.P.C
Every man who by deceit causes any
woman who is not legally married to him
to believe that she is lawfully married to
him and to cohabit or have sexual
intercourse with him in that belief, shall be
punished with imprisonment of either
description for a term which may extend
to ten year, and shall also be liable for fine
Cohabitation
The law presumes that no woman
would cohabit, unless deceived by
the man
There is danger among “live-in”
relationships for the woman to
falsely accuse the man of having
deceived her, and thereby send the
man behind bars for 10 yrs !!
Attainment of majority
18 yrs
Adult franchise
Driving license
a) Attrition
b) Paradentosis
c) Secondary dentine
d) Primary dentine
2.According to Section 89 IPC, a
child cannot give valid consent to
suffer any harm which can occur
from an act done in good faith, if
he/she is below
a) 10 years
b) 14 years
c) 12 years
d) 16 years
3. According to Haase’s rule, the
intra-uterine age of a foetus (up to
a crown-heel length of 25cm) can
be determined by
a) Calculating the square root of the
crown-heel length.
a) Age = length/ 2
b) Age = (length)2
c) Age = length/ 5
d) Age = length x 5
5.The minimum age for criminal
responsibility according to the
Indian Railways Act is
a) 15 years
b) 16 years
c) 17 years
d) 18 years
8. The study of incremental lines in
the enamel of tooth to assess the
age of a person is known as
a) Haase’s rule
b) Morissons’s Method
c) Boyde’s Method
d) McNaughten Rule
9. When a boy of 5 years kills an
infant he can be awarded
a) Death Sentence
b) Life Imprisonment
c) Solitary confinement
d) None of them.
10. To become a competent witness,
a person should attain the age of :
a) 12 years
b) 10 years
c) 8 years
d) 6 years
e) None of them
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