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What is AUTOMATION ?
ADVANTAGES : ~
• Replacing human operators in tasks that involve
hard physical or monotonous work.
DISADVANTAGES : ~
• Technical Limitation
• Security Threats
1. Inputs Circuits
2. Outputs Circuits
3. CPU (Central Processing Unit )
4. Memory for program and data storage
5. Programming device
6. Communication Device
7. Power Supply
PLC
1. PLC inputs : ~
ANALOG inputs DIGITAL inputs
PLC outputs : ~
ANALOG outputs DIGITAL outputs
• Mass flow controller • LED’s
Memories used: -
Volatile
Made up of metal oxide semiconductor
lose it's information if power is removed.
• ROM – Read only memory
Non-volatile
don't need an external power source to
keep information
PLC
Power Supply : ~
1. Ladder language
2. Functional Block Diagram (FBD)
3. Instructional List (IL)
4. Drive Functional Block (DFB)
5. Structural test language
PLC
Ladder language used in PLC programming
There are two PLC in which ladder programming
is used : -
• ZELIO PLC : - It uses Zelio soft 2 software for
the programming.
Inputs In Xn
Outputs Qn Yn
NC of input
NO of input
NORMALLY CLOSED
NORMALLY OPEN
PLC
INTERLOCKING
Example of Interlocking
PLC
MEMORY COIL
LATCHING
• ON delay timer
TMR<space>t0<space>k100
PLC
Example of delta PLC
PLC
WIRING OF PLC
COMPONENTS
Y0
C1
Y1
PLC
Example of wiring of PLC
PLC
Applications of PLC
• Gate Control : -
• Conveyor System: -
Drives commands: -
• Start/Stop
• Speed reference
• Acceleration/ deacceleration
VFD
Parameters of VFD
P = 2—00 = 0 (digital keypad)
= 3 (potentiometer on drive)
P = 2—01 = 0 (digital keypad)
= 1 (external terminal) / keypad stop/enable
= 2 (external terminal)/keypad stop/disable
START/STOP command
= 0 (on board)
= 1 (ext M0=forward, M1= reverse)
= 3(M0=forward, M1= reverse, M2=stop)
P = 1—09 = acceleration time
P = 1—10 = deacceleration time
VFD
Advantages of VFD