TRACKING WITH AUTOMATED

CLEANING SYSTEM FOR SOLAR PV

 ABSTRACT
Today the consumption of power is increased
because of the increase in our needs and
comforts. So, it is vital to produce power as its
rise in demand. This project is to generate the
power from solar energy.

The power obtained from the generation can be

used for the needs in any system. The PIC
Controller is used to control the direction of the
Solar Panel based on sun direction for MPP
 Introduction
• The solar PV modules are generally employed in dusty environments which is the case in tropical countries
like India. The dust gets accumulated on the front surface of the module and blocks the incident light from
the sun. It reduces the power generation capacity of the module. The power output reduces as much as by
50% if the module is not cleaned for a month.

In order to regularly clean the dust, a sun tracking- cum- cleaning system has been designed, which not only
tracks the sun but also cleans the modules automatically. This automated system is implemented using PIC
microcontroller which controls the DC motor coupled with the gear box.This mechanism does not require any
sensor or synchronization for tracking the sun. While for cleaning thePV modules, a mechanism consists of a
sliding brushes has been developed.
BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR EXISTING SYSTEM: EXISITING SYSTEM:
• Bulky and complex
wiring
ELECTRICITY
• Pollution occur
BOARD
• Running cost is high Not
much reliable
• Difficult to fulfill the
ALTERNATE Need requirement
SOURCE • Not much reliable
(generator)

BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR PROPOSED SYSTEM:

PROPOSED SYSTEM:
• Easy to programming
SOLAR • Easy to maintenance
SOURCE • Quick installation
• Only initial cost
BATTERY Need
• Pollution not occur
 Fixed vs Tracking

Solar trackers generate more electricity than their stationary counterparts due to an
increased direct exposure to solar rays.
Auto Cleaning
• Two Mode of Cleaning
• Based on RTC
• Based on Voltage level
 BATTERY SOLAR

PMU

LDR MOTOR TO
TRACK
PANEL
INPUT OUTPUT
LDR MODULE PIC MODULE
MOTOR TO
CLEAN PANEL
CHVKJXC
Selection
Switch

Electrode CHVKJXC
Buzzer
sensor
 MICRO CONTROLLER

 The microcontroller used here is PIC which is initially referred is

PERIPHERAL INTERFACE CONTROLLER.
 PICs have high performance RISC CPU as it operating frequency DC
20Mhz clock input and 200 ns instruction cycle.
 They also have peripheral and analog features.
 In this PIC micro controller has 40 pins,5 ports,33 I/O ports.
 These operating frequency is DC 20 MHz.
 I/O ports : ports A,B,C,D,E.
 Micro controller is used to
control the input and output units.
 POWER SUPPLY UNIT

 There are many types of power supply.

 Most are designed to convert high voltage AC mains electricity to a
suitable low voltage supply for electronics’ circuits and other devices.
 A power supply can by broken down into a series of blocks, each of which
performs a particular function.
 Regulator Ics:- IC7805 , IC7812.
 3 Pins - 1 pin(input)
- 2 pin(neg)
- 3 pin(output)
 This circuit can give +5V
output at about 150mA current,
but it can be increased to 1 A
when good cooling is added to
7805 regulator chip.
 If you need other voltages than
+5V, you can modify the
circuit by replacing the 7805
chips with another regulator
with different output voltage
from regulator 78xx chip
family.
 SOLAR PANEL

 Used to generate power 12V/2A

 Solar radiation, often called the solar resource, is a general term for the
electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun. Solar radiation can be
captured and turned into useful forms of energy, such as heat and
electricity, using a variety of technologies
 LDR

Here we used LDR Sensor . LDR is a light-controlled variable resistor. The resistance of a LDR decreases with
increasing incident light intensity; in other words, it exhibits photoconductivity. A LDR can be applied in light
sensitive detector circuits, and light- and dark activated switching circuits.
Here we use this to track Pannel based on sun direction
level: sensor:

• Sensor Element: Electrode

• Used to sense Level of water in tank

14
Buzzer

• 12V Dc
• To produce beep sound
• Application :Indicator(Water)

• 12V DC
• To Pump Water & to s… on
Motor panel
• Application :To Clean Pannel

15
RELAYS

TWO TYPES :
• Single pole relay-12v
• Double pole relay-12v
• Three terminals:
• Common
• Normally opened
• Normally closed
Application: Used To track Panel

16
Gear Motor

Operating Voltage 5- 9vV DC

Speed 3.5 RPM and 100 RPM
Application : To track panel
THANK YOU