Logical Fallacies

With your row partner, review

the following:

● three types of appeals

● what each appeal means
The Appeal of Logic
Logos- logic; the use of reasoning with facts.

Logical fallacy- A mistaken belief, especially

one based on an unsound argument.
Types of Fallacies
1) “The Man”- Trying to attack a
person instead of an argument.

EX: What does the author know about

school uniforms? Her outfit doesn’t even
match.
Types of Fallacies
2) Faulty Cause: The first event caused the
second event, when really they had nothing
to do with each other.

EX: Every day I eat cereal for breakfast, but

one day I had a muffin instead, and there was
an earthquake. Ever since, I’ve had cereal.
Types of Fallacies
3) False Dilemma: Presents only two possible
answers to problem, when there are many
more.

EX: You don’t support our troops, so that

makes you a traitor.
Types of Fallacies
4) Guilt by Association: Guilt put on someone
not because of evidence, but because of
association with an offender.

EX: How can you defend Christianity?

Torquemada was a Christian.
Types of Fallacies
5) Loaded Question: Question that has a an
unjustified assumption.

EX:
In your opinion, why is the iPhone the best
smartphone out there?
 Now It’s Your Turn
Read the following sentences. Turn to your
partner and

1) Discuss what fallacy is being used

2) Why you think it is that fallacy
“Make up your mind. Either you can
afford to buy the stereo, or you are
going to have to go without music for a
while.”
Napoleon was a great emperor
because he was so short.
John is a con artist. John has black
hair. Therefore, all people with black
hair are con artists.
After Sally presents a compelling,
eloquent case, John asks the jury if
they are going to believe a woman who
is not married, once went to jail, and
smells a bit weird.
Sarah and Kelly both like Bart. One day
while the three were together, Kelly
asked Sarah “How’s your boyfriend?”