ED NEIL O.

MARATAS
INSTRUCTOR
JRMSU – MAIN CAMPUS
 1.2
Angle Relationships and
Similar Triangles
Vertical Angles
• When lines intersect, angles opposite each other are called vertical angles

Q
R

M
N
P

• Vertical angles in this picture:

NMP and : RMQ QMN and : RMP
• How do measures of vertical angles compare?
Vertical Angles have equal measures.
Parallel Lines
• Parallel lines are lines that lie in the same plane and do not intersect.
• When a line q intersects two parallel lines, q, is called a transversal.

Transversal q

m
parallel lines
n
Angles and Relationships
A transver sal intersecti ng parallel
q
Exterior
m
lines forms eight angles with the Interior
n
following names and relationsh ips : Exterior

Name Angles Rule

Alternate interior angles 4 and 5 Angles measures are equal.
3 and 6
Alternate exterior angles 1 and 8 Angle measures are equal.
2 and 7
Interior angles on the same 4 and 6 Angle measures add to 180.
side of the transversal 3 and 5
Corresponding angles 2 & 6, 1 & 5, Angle measures are equal.
3 & 7, 4 & 8
Example: Finding Angle Measures
Equation?
• Find the measure of each marked angle, given • 6 x  4  10 x  80
that lines m and n are parallel.
84  4 x
(6x + 4)
m
21  x

(10x  80)
n • Measure of each angle?
• One angle has measure
• What is the relationship between these 6x + 4 = 6(21) + 4 = 130
angles?
• and the other has measure 10x  80 =
Alternate exterior with equal measures 10(21)  80 = 130
Angle Sum of a Triangle
• The instructor will ask specified students to draw three triangles of distinctly
different shapes. All the angles will be cut off each triangle and placed side by
side with vertices touching.

• What do you notice when you sum the three angles?

The result is a straight line (straight angle)

• The sum of the measures of the angles of any triangle is
180.
Example: Applying the Angle Sum
• The measures of two of the angles of • Solution?
a triangle are 52 and 65. Find the 52  65  x  180
measure of the third angle, x.
117  x  180
x  63
65

x
• The third angle of the triangle
52
measures 63.
Types of Triangles: Named Based on Angles
Types of Triangles: Named Based on Sides
Similar and Congruent Triangles
• Triangles that have exactly the same shape, but not necessarily the
same size are similar triangles
A
D

B C E F
• Triangles that have exactly the same shape and the same size are
called congruent triangles

G L

H K M N
Conditions for Similar Triangles
• Corresponding angles must have the same measure.
A  D, B  E , C  F
• Corresponding sides must be proportional. (That is, their ratios must
be equal.)

AB BC AC
 
DE EF DF
A
D

B C E F
Example: Finding Angle Measures on Similar Triangles

• Triangles ABC and DEF are similar. • Since the triangles are similar,
Find the measures of angles D and E. corresponding angles have the same
measure.
• Angle D corresponds to angle:
D
• Measure ofA D:
A
• Angle E corresponds
35to
o angle:
112
35
F E • Measure of E:
B
C
112 33
B 33o
Example: Finding Side Lengths on Similar Triangles
Write a proportion involving correspond ing sides with one unknown :

• Triangles ABC and DEF are similar. Find • To find side DE:
32 64
the lengths of the unknown sides in 
triangle DEF. 16 x
32 x  1024
D
x  32
A
32
16
35 112 • To find side FE:
32 48
64 F E

32 24 16 x
C
112 33
B 32 x  768
x  24
48
Example: Application of Similar Triangles

• A lighthouse casts a shadow 64 m • The two triangles are similar, so

long. At the same time, the shadow corresponding sides are in proportion,
cast by a mailbox 3 m high is 4 m long. so:
3 x
Find the height of the lighthouse. 
4 64
4 x  192
3 x  48
4

x
• The lighthouse is 48 m high.
64