Simple Machine-a device that can

1) Increase or decrease of the

force you apply
2) Change the direction of the
force you apply
 How do simple
machines help us?
 Life Without
Simple Machines
 Life With
Simple Machines
Work in Simple Machines-

WORK IN = WORK OUT

Findin = Foutdout
Types of Simple Machines -

1) Incline Can use a smaller force

plane over a bigger distance
(Ramp) - to change height of an
object
 d
Fin in

F outdout

Work in = Work out

 WORK IN = WORK OUT
Findin = Foutdout
All ramps take the same
amount of work
The last ramp requires less Fin but
in requires more din so the work is
the same!
2) Lever - Can redirect and
change force
Work in = Work out
Fin din = Foutdout

Findin = Foutdout
A wheelbarrow is a
type of lever
 Win = Wout
Fdin = Fdout
(4 lbs) (.25 in) = (110 lbs) (?)
3) Pulleys -
Each extra pulley will decrease force
needed and increase distance you need
to apply the force
1 pulley

1 support

Fin  Fout
din  dout
2 pulleys

2 supports

Fin  ½Fout
din  2dout
3 pulleys

3 supports

Fin  Fout
1
3

din  3dout
4 pulleys

4 supports

Fin  ¼Fout
din  4dout
4) Screw - Like a spiral ramp

Nail - Big force over a

small distance

Screw - Small force over

a big distance
Mechanical Advantage:

MA= Fout or din

Fin dout
 Efficiency:
Work Out = Actual Mechanical Advantage
Work In Ideal Mechanical Advantage
Efficiency is always:

A fraction less than 1

(less than 100%)