*

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• OXYGEN SUPPLY - BLACK CYLINDER
• ACETYLENE SUPPLY - MAROON CYLINDER.
• REGULATORS TO REDUCE PRESSURES.
• FLASHBACK ARRESTORS.
• HOSES (COLOUR CODED)
• NON RETURN VALVES
• BLOWPIPE
• NOZZLES (TO SUIT APPLICATION).

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 MODE OF OPERATION:-

A fuel gas and oxidant gas are mixed together then fed
through a nozzle and burnt.

The nozzle is attached to a blowpipe which the welder

manipulates to melt the edges of the workpiece and so
form a weld pool.

Filler metal (in the form of rods) is added as required by

the welder
The weld pool is protected from atmospheric contamination
by the burnt gas products and can be made mildly oxidising
or reducing.
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 There are 3 main flame types

NEUTRAL :- Equal combination of each gas

Applications:- Fusion welding of most materials and brazing

OXIDISING:- An excess of oxygen

Applications:- Welding bronze, and zinc containing alloys (brasses)
CARBURISING:- An excess of fuel gas
Applications:- Hard facing, especially with Cr or tungsten
carbide rods. Slightly reducing for aluminium and High C steels

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NEUTRAL

Colourless flame
White cone

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 OXIDISING

Blueish flame
Short pointed
white cone
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CARBURISING(REDUCING)

Ragged orange flame

Long pointed white cone
with feathery edge
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• NOZZLE SIZE
• GAS PRESSURES
• GAS VELOCITY
• TIP TO WORK DISTANCE
• TRAVEL SPEED
• TECHNIQUE:- LEFTWARD OR RIGHTWARD.

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• MAINLY STEELS, SOME STAINLESS (WITH A FLUX),
ALUMINIUM (WITH A FLUX)

• BRAZING AND BRONZE WELDING, COPPER, BRASS,

ALUMINIUM, CAST IRON.

• IN THICKNESSES TYPICALLY UP TO 6 mm.

• THE FLAME ACTS AS A GOOD CLEANING MEDIUM,

SO SOME SURFACE CONTAMINATION IS OFTEN
ACCEPTABLE.

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RODS:- GASES:-
SIZE:- SIZE:- CYLINDERS (SIZES VARY)
1.6mm/2.4mm/3.2mm OR BULK SUPPLY
TYPICALLY
TYPE:- FOR FUSION WELDING,
TYPE:- ACETYLENE IS REQ’D. FOR
TO SUIT PARENT BRAZING/BRONZE WELDING,
MATERIAL OTHER GASES CAN BE USED
SUCH AS BUTANE, PROPANE,
CONDITION:- NATURAL GAS AND
SHOULD BE CLEAN PROPRIETRY GASES (APACHI).
CONDITION:- SAFETY IS
PARAMOUNT. - CONSIDER
RISK OF FIRE AND EXPLOSION
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• LACK OF FUSION AND PENETRATION

• OVERHEATED WELD - CRACKING

• SHAPE DEFECTS:- UNDERCUT, OVERLAP, POOR

WELD PROFILE ETC.

• OXIDATION

• UNEQUAL LEG LENGTHS (FILLET WELDS).

• ????

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• BLOW BACKS
• FLASHBACKS
• COPPER ACETYLIDE
• OXYGEN AND OIL
• LEAKAGE
• FIRE AND EXPLOSION
• FUME
• CYLINDER SECURITY (CHAINS AND STORAGE).
• SUFFOCATION
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