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SOLUTION OF FE
PROBLEMS
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
There are two categories of mathematical
models:
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LUMPED-PARAMETER MODEL
In a lumped-parameter mathematical model, the actual
system response (output) is directly described by the
solution of a finite number of state variables (factors).
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CONTINUUM-MECHANICS
BASED MODEL
For a continuum-mechanics-based mathematical model, the
formulation of the governing equations is achieved as for a
lumped-parameter model, but instead of algebraic equations for
the unknown state variables differential equations govern the
response.
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ENGINEERING PROBLEMS
Examples of governing equations, boundary conditions,
initial conditions, and exact solutions for some engineering
problems
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ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS
The analytical solutions are composed of two parts:
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FEM AND ANSYS
The finite element method is a numerical procedure that can be
applied to obtain solutions to a variety of problems in
engineering. Static, Dynamic, Steady, transient, linear, or
nonlinear problems in stress analysis, heat transfer, fluid flow,
and electromagnetism problems may be analyzed with finite
element methods.
ANSYS has been a leading FEA program for well over 30 years
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FEA LIMITATIONS
Finite element analysts must understand the limitations of the
finite element procedures. There are various sources of error
that can contribute to incorrect results. They include:
All loads are applied slowly and gradually until they reach their full
magnitudes. After reaching their full magnitudes, loads remain
constant (time-invariant). This assumption allows us to neglect inertial
and damping forces due to negligibly small accelerations and
velocities.
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STEADY AND NON-STEADY
STATE ANALYSIS (THERMAL)
A steady-state thermal analysis calculates the effects of steady
thermal loads on a system or component. Engineer/analysts often
perform a steady-state analysis before doing a transient thermal
analysis, to help establish initial conditions.
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LINEAR ASSUMPTION
The relationship between loads (inputs) and induced responses (outputs)
is linear. For example, if you double the loads, the response of the model
(displacements, temperatures, stresses etc) will also double. You can
make the linearity assumption if:
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LINEAR ASSUMPTION
3. Boundary conditions do not vary during the application of loads.
Loads must be constant in magnitude, direction, and distribution
w.r.t time. They should not change while the model is deforming, if
they are it would be a non-linear analysis.
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FORMULATION OF FINITE
ELEMENT PROBLEMS
There are several approaches to formulate finite element
problems:
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FORMULATION OF FINITE
ELEMENT PROBLEMS
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