EXCRETORY SYSTEM

Members:
Celyn Joy M. Ripdos
Thaaizha Monteseven
Jinn Mikko B. Bobias
Kelly Kenth Yee
Jaybee Bueno
 What is excretory system?

The excretory system is a passive

biological system that removes
excess, unnecessary
materials from the body fluids of an
organism.
Functions of Excretory System:

●Collect water and filter body fluids.

● Remove and concentrate waste
products from body fluids and return
other substances to body fluids as
necessary for homeostasis.
● Eliminate excretory products from
the body.
 What is excretion?
Excretion is the removal of the metabolic
wastes of an organism. Wastes that are removed
include carbon dioxide, water, salt, urea and uric
acid.
Parts of Excretory System
Parts of Excretory System
Parts of Excretory System
Parts of Excretory System
Parts of Excretory System
Comparison of
Human with
other Animals
Excretory System of Fish
[Class Osteichthyes]
 Excretory System of Fish
[Class Osteichthyes]
• 1. Paired kidneys are very long and ribbon like.
• 2. Each kidney is differentiated into a small non-renal
part (genital part) and a long posterior renal part. The
two parts exhibit morphological difference.
• 3. The kidneys are uriniferous 'Opisthonephros' but
functional Mesonephros.
• 4. Some uriniferous tubules retain peritoneal funnel
• 5. The uriniferous tubules have a specialised urea -
absorbing segment.
• 6. Uriniferous tubules lead into special tubes - the
urinary ducts (ureters). These are distinct from wolffian
ducts.
 Excretory System of Fish
[Class Osteichthyes]
• 7. Ureters run back ward over the ventral surface of the
kidneys.
• 8. Ureters are independent ducts to carry urine from
the kidneys to the Urinogenital sinus'.
• 9. The urinary bladder is absent.
• 10.The urine is hypotonic to blood.
• 11.Scoliodon is an ureotelic animal.The endproduct of
nitrogen metabolism is urea. A large Quantity of urea is
retained in the body as an adaptation to marine
life.Excess of urea is excreted chiefly through its gills.
Excretory System of Frog
[Class Amphibians]
 Excretory System of Frog
[Class Amphibians]
• 1. Paired kidneys are short and roughly oval in
shape.
• 2. Each kidney possesses genital as well as renal
region. But these are not morphologically
differentiated.
• 3. The kidneys are mesonephros.
• 4. The peritoneal funnels are absent.
• 5. The urea-absorbing segment is absent.
• 6. Uriniferous tubules lead into the wolffian
ducts.
 Excretory System of Frog
[Class Amphibians]
• 7. Wolffian ducts leave outer border of kidneys
and run backward.
• 8. The ureters serve for the passage of genital
elements as well as urine. So they are known as
urino-genital ducts.Urino genital sinus is absent.
• 9. A large bilobed urinary bladder is present. It
opens into the cloaca opposite the openings of
the ureters.
• 10. The urine is hypertonic to blood.
• 11. Frog is also ureotelic animal. It excretes urine
from the cloaca in the form of urea.
Excretory System of Bird
[Class Aves ]
 Excretory System of Bird
[Class Aves ]
• 1. Kidneys are dark red and some what rectangular and
flattened organs.
• 2. Kidneys are situated in the anterior part of the abdomen.
• 3. Same as in calotes
• 4. They are fitted in the hollows of the pelvic girdle.
• 5. They are a little away from the median line. Kidneys are
Meta nephros type.
• 6. Each kidney has three lobes They are anterior, median and
posterior lobes. Hilus is absent.
 Excretory System of Bird
[Class Aves ]
• 7. The two kidneys are separate and do not fuse with each
other.
• 8. Same as in Calotes.
• 9. There is no pelvis.
• 10. The ureters do not join with the vas deferens and both
open separately into the cloaca.
• 11. Urinary bladder is absent
• 12. Urine consists mainly of uric acid cotelic animal
Excretory System of Human
[Class Mammalia ]
 Excretory System of Human
[Class Mammalia ]
• 1. Kidneys are dark red and bean shaped organs.
• 2. Kidneys are located in the posterior part of the abdominal
cavity.
• 3. The two kidneys are distinct. The right kidney lies much
ahead than the left kidney.
• 4. Same as in calotes.
• 5. They are well away from the median line. Kidneys are meta
ne phros type.
• 6. Each kidney is a sin-gle-lobed structure. Inner side of the
kidney has a concave depression is known as the 'hilus'.
 Excretory System of Human
[Class Mammalia ]
• 7. The two kidneys are distinct.
• 8. The ureters open into the urinary bladder. Ureters arise from
the hilus of each kidney.
• 9. Each ureter is expanded in its kidney into a funnel like pelvis.
• 10. Ureters open separately into the urinary bladder.
• 11. Urinary bladder is a large, median, pear, shaped, thin
walled transparent sac.
• 12.Urinary bladder opens into the urethra or unnogenital canal.
• 13. Urine consists mainly of urea- ureotelic animal
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