PREPARATION OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL BASED

ACTIVATED CARBON FROM FOR REMOVAL OF PB(II).

Mohamad Azzam Che Rahim

Supervisor: Prof Madya Dr Mohd Azmier Ahmad

EKC 499 FINAL YEAR PROJECT

School of Chemical Engineering

Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
 Presentation Outline
INTRODUCTION
RESEARCH PROBLEM
OBJECTIVE
METHODOLOGY
RESULT

CONCLUSION
 Introduction
• NIEHS finding and supported by NTP found
adverse health problem at blood lead level of
10μgdL-1 in both children and adult.

• Treatment method to deal with lead including

chemical precipitation and membrane filtration.

• Adsorption method promise good performance

and cost effectiveness.
 Introduction
• Active carbon is one of the well know adsorbent
that can deal vast range of pollutant (Ameen
et.al 2010).

• Currently, approximately 400,000 tons of

activated carbon (AC) is annually consumed
worldwide for liquid and gases treatment (Chien
et al., 2011).
 Problem Statement
• Is it feasible to • What is the
prepare active carbon characteristic of MPAC
from mangosteen peel • What is the effect of
waste using initial ion
microwave. concentration, and
• What is the optimized temperature on
Active carbon adsorption.
preparation condition
from mangosteen peel
 Objectives
• To prepare MPAC via microwave irradiation and CO2 gasification for
Pb(II) removal.

• To obtain optimized MPAC preparation via response surface

methodology.

• To characterize characteristic MPAC in term of surface area, pore

volume,surface morphology, proximate content, elemental
composition and surface chemistry.

• To understand the effect of adsorbate initial concentration, retention

time, solution temperature, isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics
for Pb (II) metal solution, using batch adsorption test.
 Methodology
• Design of Experiment • Batch Adsorption Study
• Optimization • Parameter
Procedure • Temperature
• Characterization of • Initial Pb(II)
Optimized preparation concentration
Condition • Contact time
 Methodology
Pb(II) MPAC
Run Level MPAC preparation variable removal yield
(%) (%)
Radiation Activation
power, (W) time, (min)
1 0 0 440 6.00 86.81 43.58
2 0 -1.414 440 3.17 83.22 44.17
3 0 1.414 440 8.83 91.81 40.12
4 -1 1 264 8.00 81.49 41.61
5 0 0 440 6.00 87.37 43.89
6 1 1 616 8.00 93.96 39.19
7 1 -1 616 4.00 81.53 40.40
8 -1.414 0 191.10 6.00 63.62 44.22
9 1.414 0 688.90 6.00 95.04 48.51
10 0 0 440 6.00 85.96 43.79
11 0 0 440 6.00 86.25 43.74
12 -1 -1 264 4.00 68.75 43.58
13 0 0 440 6.00 85.85 43.59
 Batch Adsorption Study
25,50,100,200,250
and 300ppm
Initial Pb(II) ion
Concentration

24 hours

0.2g of Optimized
MPAC

30oC,45oC and 60oC

Temperature

24 hours
 Result
• Reponses model
– Percentage of Pb(II) removal
– Activated carbon yield
• Manipulated (Factors)
– Radiation power
– Activation time
• Responses were represented in form of
surface.
 Result
Response Response Model Equation
Percentage Removal (%)
MPAC Yield (%)
 Response surface
• Percentage Removal • Ac yield
 Result
• Optimized activation conditions
Activation Condition
Radiation Power (Watts) 449
Activation Time (min) 5.93
 Result
• Effect of Initial Pb(II) Ion Concentration
250
25ppm 50ppm 100ppm 200ppm 250 ppm 300ppm

200
Adsorption Uptake qt (mg/g)

150

100

50

0
0 5 10 15 20 25
Time (h)