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REPRODUCIBILITY
(Gage R & R) STUDY AND PROCESS
IMPROVEMENT IN QUALITY
INSPECTION
PRESENTED BY:-
RAKESH C
MFT/15/54
CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION
– Methods of Gage Analysis
– Basic Data Types
– Why Attribute Gage R&R?
2. ATTRIBUTE GAGE R & R STUDY
– EFFICENCY TABLE
– VARIANCE TABLE
3. FACTORS TO CONSIDER
4. PROBLEMS FOUND
5. PROPOSED SOLUTION
6. REFERENCE
INTRODUCTION
The conclusions drawn from the statistical
methods depend on the accuracy of data. If the
measuring instrument and the measurement
method are not capable of making accurate and
repeatable measurements, the data can have
significant measurement error.
What is Gage R & R?
The measurement system analysis is commonly
known as Gage Repeatability and
Reproducibility (Gage R&R) study. The purpose
of measurement system analysis or Gage R&R
study is to determine the part of variation in the
data resulting from the variation in the
measurement system
Automotive Industry Action Group, Measurement System Analysis, www.aiag.org.
Repeatability & Reproducibility
Repeatability of a measuring instrument refers to how
well the instrument is repeatedly able to measure the
same characteristic under the same condition.
"Practical Attribute and Variable Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA): A Guide for Conducting Gage R&R Studies and Test Method
Validations", Author: Mark Allen Durivage, Publisher-ASQ Quality Press, 2015.
Attribute vs. Continuous
Attribute Data:
• –Categorical, named only, arbitrary scales
• –Also known as Discrete Data
Continuous Data:
• –Allows for infinitely finer sub-divisions
• –Also known as Variables Data
MSA_Reference_Manual_4th_Edition, June 2010Chrysler Group LLC, Ford Motor Company, General Motors Corporation.
Basic Data Types
• Nominal:
– Literally, “name”
– Represents categories
• Ordinal:
–Ordered or ranked data
– Not scaled
• Interval:
–Measured / scaled data: Each position equidistant
– 0 can be relevant (temperature)
• Ratio:
– Numbers compared as multiples of one another
MSA_Reference_Manual_4th_Edition, June 2010Chrysler Group LLC, Ford Motor Company, General Motors Corporation.
Why Attribute Gage R&R?
• To understand:
– How likely quality checker will agree with himself /
herself: WITHIN / Repeatability
• – How likely all quality checkers will agree with each
other: BETWEEN / Reproducibility
• Understanding R&R allows you to:
– Predict probability (%) of agreement / disagreement
– Implement training to improve that probability
Purpose of the Attribute
Gage R & R Analysis in Trouser Inspection
• To determine if Quality Inspection system can
distinguish between a good & bad part.
• To determine Accuracy & Precision:
– Accuracy: Absence of bias, or agreeing with the standard.
– Precision: Ability of different checkers to reach the same
conclusion several times.
Attribute Gage R&R Study
• 6 Checkers (6 - Lines)
• 20 defective pieces
• 2 trials
Types of Defects
1. PANEL UP & DOWN Expert’s verdict
2. LOOP SLANT • Line quality in charge
3. W/B SHAPE OUT – 10 years of experience.
• "Practical Attribute and Variable Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA): A Guide for Conducting Gage R&R
Studies and Test Method Validations", Author: Mark Allen Durivage, Publisher-ASQ Quality Press, 2015.
• MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, Reference Manual Fourth Edition, June 2010Chrysler Group LLC, Ford
Motor Company, General Motors Corporation.
• http://asq.org/pub/sixsigma/past/vol2_issue4/windsor.html
• https://www.spcforexcel.com/knowledge/measurement-systems-analysis/attribute-gage-rr-studies-part-2