NARAYANA ENGINEERING COLLEGE::NELLORE

DEPARTMEnt OF EIE
FIRST REVIEW
ON
MOISTURE MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL IN
SINTER MAKING PROCESS
PROJECT GUIDE: Mr. SK.NOWSHAD
BY:-
S.RAJESH-14711A1003
SD.SHAHID AAZAM-14711A1002
V.VENUGOPAL-15715A1013
 ABOUT RINL

• VISHAKAPATNAM has become the first integrated

plant in the India to be certified to all the three
international standards for quality, environment
management, occupational health and safety covers
quality systems.
• In SINTER PLANT (SP) the process is agglomeration
of fines with other fine materials at high temperature
to create a product that can be used in blast furnace.
• The final product is a sinter is a small irregular nodule
of iron mixed with small amounts of other minerals.
 ABSTRACT
• Sinter is a product, which is achieved by the application of heat to
mixed down particles of iron ore fines, limestone and dolamite,
dust particles, coke fines and metallurgical waste. Sinter increases
the productivity of BF, improves the quality of pig iron and
decreases the composition of coke rate. Sinter plays a major role
in the output production by the addition of sinter the
productivity is increased to the extent.
• In sinter making process addition of water in the base mix plays a
critical role in deciding the quality of the sinter. Addition of water
is controlled by then measurement of moisture. Moisture
measurement is done through IR techniques and these
techniques are very reliable, accurate and sensitive. The principle
depends on the fact that the water molecules having a binding
energy which corresponds to certain specific wavelengths in IR
spectrum. Any IR radiation falling over water will show absorption
lines.
TO BLAST
FURNACE
 SINTERING FLOWSHEET
Met.waste, Flux and Coke preparation Iron ore fines / Mn fines from mines

Storage, Proportioning and Mixing section

Blending Secondary proportioning and balling

Sinter machine, furnaces,

wind boxes, Exhausters

Primary crushing, screening and cooling

Secondary Crushing

Product sinter to BF Sinter screening section

WORK DIVISION

S. RAJESH :- OVERVIEW OF MOISTURE MEASUREMENT AND

CONTROL IN SINTER MAKING PROCESS.

SD. SHAHID AAZAM :- MEASUREMENT OF MOISTURE IN SINTER PLANT.

V. VENU GOPAL :- MOISTURE CONTROL IN SINTER PLANT.

 MEASUREMENT OF MOISTURE IN SINTER PLANT
The Moisture content is measured through IR techniques and
these techniques are very reliable, accurate and sensitive moisture
measurement techniques. The principle depends on the fact that
"The water molecules having binding energy which corresponds to
certain specific wavelengths in IR spectrum. Any IR radiation falling
over water will show absorption lines 'per these lines. Generally
shorter wavelengths are more useful for measurement because of
higher penetration through substance whose moisture content is
to be obtained.

IR MOISTURE SENSOR
 CONTROL OF MOISTURE IN SINTER PROCESS
The basic model of moisture control loop is shown in the figure-3. The various Inputs fed
into the system are lime, coke, sinter plant returns and base mix. These are fed into the
moisturizer through a belt conveyor on which a weighting system (OK-17) is installed. The
weighing system continuously transmits the weight to the control system. To the moisturizer
another water line is provided. The flow of water is also controlled through a closed loop
system. After the addition of the appropriate quantity of water, the output comes on to the
conveyor on a moisture transmitter is installed. Finally, the output is transported to the
burden hopper.
 MOISTURE CONTROL LAYOUT

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Ok17
LEVELSENSOR
BELT SCALE BELT SCALE

WEIGH FEEDER

WATER FLOW
MOISTURE
SMB
 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL
CHANGES IN SINTERING
• HEAT TRANSFER FROM COMBUSTION ZONE TO THE COLD
CHARGE BY FLOWING GASES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF
SUCTION PRESSURE.
• EVAPORATION OF MOISTURE IN THE CHARGE AND DRYING-UP
TO 400 DEG CELCIUS.
• PREHEATING OF THE CHARGE AND CALCINATION OF FLUX
MATERIALS-UP TO 900 DEG CELCIUS.
• SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION OF COKE, ON PREHEATING THE
CHARGE TO 1000 DEG CELCIUS.
• MELTING OF ADHERENT PARTICLES AND PARTIAL ASSIMILATION
OF IRON ORE SURFACE – TEMPERATURE REACHES 1200-1350
DEG CELCIUS.
 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL
CHANGES IN SINTERING
• FORMING OF NEW MINERAL PHASES LIKE CALCIUM FERRITES,
CALCIUM IRON SILICATES, SFCA, FAYALITE etc.
• REDUCTION OF HEMATITE TO MAGNETITE AND WUSTITE.
• FLOWING OUT OF LIQUID MELT IN TO FREE SPACES IN ORE
PARTICLES AND PORE FORMATION.
• SOLIDIFICATION OF MELT AND RECRYSTALLISATION OF MINERAL
PHASES AND PARTIAL REOXIDATION OF MAGNETITE.
• SINTER FORMATION AND BED SHRINKAGE. SINTER STRUCTURE
CONTAINS VOIDS, PORES, BONDING PHASE AND UNREACTED
ORE.
 Advantages of Sinter
• Sinter increases the productivity of Blast furnace.
• Sinter reduces the coke rate in Blast furnace.
• It eliminates Sulphur content up to 90% and helps to charge
minimum quantity of volatile matter in BF.
• Utilization of all the metallurgical waste and Iron ore fines
generated in the plant and mines.
 DISADVANTAGES
• Large material quantity is required
• High initial capital cost relative to some alternative
molding processes
• High temperature leads to high energy costs
 SINTER PLANT INPUTS AND OUTPUTS

Inputs:
• Iron ore fines
• Limestone, Dolomite
• Quartzite fines / Sand and Mn ore fines
• Coke breeze and coke dust
• Metallurgical wastes and LD slag
• Electricity and Gaseous fuel
Outputs:
• BF grade sinter(sent to Blast furnace)
• Sinter returns, ESP dust and Slime(all are recycled in SP)