Sustainable

Resource Public
Efficiency Procurement

Sustainable Public
Procurement (SPP)
Module 6. Coordination of GPP
and Ecolabelling Programs in
different countries
 Resource SPPEL
Efficiency

Acknowledgment: This presentation have been developed by Aure Adell based on

the documents: “Green Public Procurement & Ecolabelling in China” (by Sonal
Parasnis) and “The Use of Ecolabels and VSS in SPP. Documentation of the use of
common Product’s Ecolabels and Voluntary Sustainability Standards in Sustainable
Public Procurement” (by Ecoinstitut).
The author also wants to thank Zhang Xiaodan, Chen Yiqun, Ding Ling and Wang
Cheng for the additional input.

Use: The material can be used free of charge, provided it is used within UNEP's SPP
and Ecolabeling activities. It may also be reused in other contexts provided that: 1) it
is reused in a suitable manner, that is not misleading, 2) it excludes the UNEP logo
and 3) it acknowledges UNEP's ownership and Aure Adellt’s authorship – you can
use the following wording:
Presentation prepared by XXX using as basis UNEP’s SPP Training Toolkit slides
prepared by Aure Adell.

Statement: Given the diversity of legal contexts where the material will be used, the
people in charge of using the material and the receiving administrations must assess
(either by themselves or with independent legal advice) the suitability and legality of
the examples offered within their specific context and modify them accordingly.
 Sustainable
Resource Public
Efficiency Procurement

GPP and Type I

Ecolabeling in China

 Policy Framework Evolution

 Energy Label and Eco-Label
 GPP Policies and
implementation activities
 Monitoring system and results
 Challenges & Success factors
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Evolution of the
Policy Framework
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Policy Framework over the years…

1993  China Environmental Labelling Program
launched by the Ministry of Environmental
Protection (formerly the State
Environmental Protection Administration)
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Policy Framework over the years…

1993
1998  Energy Conservation Certification launched
by China Standard Certification Centre
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Policy Framework over the years…

1993
1998
 Promotion of Clean Production Law
2002  Requires governments to prioritise the
procurement of energy and water saving and
recycled products
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Policy Framework over the years…

1993
1998  Government Procurement Law
 Covers the procurement by the national
2002
government and regional and local
2003 authorities (excludes Public Companies and stand-
alone infrastructure projects)

 Stipulates that public authorities should give

priority to products that are environmental
friendly and use resources efficiently
 It covers works, goods and services listed in
certain catalogues or above certain threshold
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Policy Framework over the years…

1993
1998

2002  Ministerial Regulation for Implementation

2003 of Government Procurement for Energy
2004 Conservation Products (ECP)
 Requires governments to give higher
preference in procurement to energy-saving
products included in the ECP List
 By MOF and NDRC
 Voluntary
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Policy Framework over the years…

1993
1998

2002
2003  Ministerial Regulation for Implementation
2004 of Government Procurement for
Environmental Labelled Products (ELP)
2006  Requires governments to give higher
preference in procurement to products in the
ELP List
 By MOF and MEP
 Voluntary
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Policy Framework over the years…

1993
1998

2002
2003
2004  State Council Regulation on Compulsory
Government Procurement for Energy
2006 Conservation Products
2007
 Establishes compulsory procurement of 9
energy-saving product categories within the
ECP List
 By State Council
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Policy Framework over the years…

1993
1998

2002
2003
2004
2006
 Energy Conservation Law
2007
 Includes preferential procurement of energy-
2008 saving products
 By State Council
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Policy Framework over the years…

1993
1998

2002
2003
2004
2006  Promotion of Circular Economy Law
2007  Establishes preferential procurement of energy-
2008 / water- / material-saving, environmentally
friendly and renewable products
 By State Council
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Policy Framework over the years…

 Differenttypes of policies promoting GPP within the
public sector (in procurement law, national
environmental laws and ministerial and state
regulations)
 Involvementof different Ministries and National
Government institutions (NPC, NDRC, MOF and
MEP)
 Strong focus on energy-saving products
 Linked to national ecolabelling programmes
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Question to participants:
 Do you have any question regarding the Chinese
Government’s policy framework to support GPP
(inclusion in procurement and env. laws,
promotion through gov. regulations, link to national
ecolabels)?

 What positive aspects you take with you?

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China Energy Conservation

and Environmental Labels
Main characteristics
Green Label institutional framework
Product categories and certified products
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China Energy Conservation Certification

 Voluntary

 China

 Certifies products

 Type of information: Leadership

 One life-cycle stages in consideration

 One Impact addressed (energy)

http://www.cecp.org.cn/form
 Multiple sectors covered
er/englishhtml/cecp.asp

 Third-party verification
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Energy Label Institutional Framework

Source: Hu, B. and YI, S. (2014) Status Report of China’s Green Government Procurement. Top10.cn.
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Energy Label Product Categories

 About 120 product groups (in 2014):
 Appliances: refrigerators, air conditioners, water heaters,
microwaves, etc.
 Lighting: ballasts, fluorescent lamps, sodium lamps, metal-halide
lamps, etc.
 Industry: air compressors, motors, fittings, etc.
 Office equipments: TV, DVD, printers, copiers, faxes, computers,
monitors, etc.
 Building material: windows, foam boards, insulating materials, etc.
 New energy resources: solar water heating, gas appliances
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China Environmental Label

 Voluntary

 China

 Certifies products

 Type of information: Leadership

 All life-cycle stages in consideration

 Multi-Impact addressed
http://www.cecp.org.cn/form
 Multiple sectors covered
er/englishhtml/cecp.asp

 Third-party verification
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Environmental Label Institutional Framework

Interested Give proposals

Parties MEP
(companies)
Authorises EDC to Final criteria approval and
develop criteria publication

Environmental
Develop. Center

Criteria development

Relevant industry associations Interested

Testing organizations, Working groups
Research institutes and Parties Participate in the
working groups
enterprises

Source: Government public procurement and environmental labeling in China. Environmental

certification center [slides], 2013.
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Environmental Label Product Categories

 Total of 98 product groups (in 2015):
- Household appliances: refrigerators, air conditioners, water
heaters, microwaves, etc.
- Office equipments: printers, copiers, faxes, computers,
monitors, etc.
- Office stationary: paper, stationary, cartidges, etc.
- Building material: wood-based panels, cement products,
building ceramics, lightweight construction materials, etc.
- Others: paints, furniture, sanitary wares, solar systems, etc.

 Selected based on market demands and

capacity to reduce the environmental impacts.
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Environmental Label Evolution

As of December 2014, more than 200,000 products have been certified

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Question to participants:
 Anyquestions regarding the China Environmental
Label? Organisations involved? Product/Service
groups covered? Evolution over time?
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The Implementation of
Green Public Procurement
Policy objectives and commitments
Information resources
Recognition of good practices
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GPP Policy Framework

Regulation for Implementation of Government
Procurement for Environmental Labelled Products

Elaborateand regularly maintain a Procurement List of

Environmental Labelled Products (ELP List)

Agencies to preferentially purchase products included in

the ECP List by clearly stipulate in the tenders the List
requirements, the range of preference and the evaluation
criteria
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GPP Policy Framework

Regulation for Implementation of Government
Procurement for Energy Conservation Products
Elaborateand regularly maintain a Procurement List of
Energy Conservation Products (ECP List)
Agencies to preferentially purchase energy-saving
products included in the ECP List by:
- For optional categories: clearly stipulate in the tenders the
List requirements, the range of preference and the
evaluation criteria
- For compulsory categories: require compliance with the List
requirements and its inclusion in the ECP List as mandatory
technical specification in the tender documents (unlisted
products are automatically excluded)
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GPP Institutional framework

CEC

Source: Hu, B. and YI, S. (2014) Status Report of China’s Green Government Procurement. Top10.cn.
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GPP Information Resources

To support GPP implementation the government
provides:

 The lists organise certified products by product

ECP & ELP
groups and, for each of them provide information
Lists
on their producers and certificates
 MOF and MEP do policy announcements for
each revision of the lists
 Product lists are published on various websites
(MOF, MEP, CCGP, CGPN) and sent to local
government agencies and procurement centres

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GPP Information Resources
Name Energy Conservation
Product Procurement List
Certification scheme
Enforcement 9 categories compulsory
2004, updated twice a year
Since
(so far 18th versions issued)
No.certified products 67,000 in 28 groups (14th version) 115,071 in 74 groups (16th version)
Air conditioner, Refrigerator, TV,
Copier, Monitor, Printer, Industry
equipment, Washing machine,
Rice cooker, Induction cooker,
Commercial products and other
Examples
energy related products such as
water-using products, Windows,
etc.
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Environment Label Product
Procurement List
All categories voluntary
2006, updated twice a year
(so far 16th versions issued)
Light Duty Vehicles, Eco-house,
Copying Machine, Fax Machine,
Computer, Water Based Coatings,
Artificial Wooden Boards, Floor Board,
Lightweight Wall Boards, Plastic Door
& Window, White Emulsion, Building
Plastic Tubing, Sanitary Wares,
Furniture, Copy Paper, Toner Cartridge,
Stationery, Solar Heat System, Solar
Water Heater, etc.
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GPP Information Resources

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GPP Information Resources

 TheLists are created by considering the following
(based on the State Council Regulation of 2006 and
2007):
 Products must be certificated by the energy saving
products certification agency or by the Environmental
Labelling product certification organization.
 The products must have enough production lot,
mature technology, reliable quality
 There are perfect supply systems and good aftersale
service of the products
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GPP Information Resources

To support GPP the government provides:

 MOF regularly conducts training of local

GPP training government purchasing agencies.
 At least once in a year, but may be more
according to the specific situation
 Local provincial procurement centers also
organize training workshops as necessary.

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Other Support Measures

 Chinese Green Purchasing Network : Created by the
Environmental Development Center (of MEP) for for
promotion of GPP and sustainable consumption.
 Green Printing Programme : collaboration agreement
between MEP and the General Administration of Press
and Publication to produce ecolabeled textbooks for
primary and secondary schools
 Subsidies for green vehicles (in 2009)
 International cooperation projects : such as EU
SWITCH-Asia Programme ; SPPEL project ; etc.
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Question to participants:
 Whatwould you like to know better about the
Chinese GPP approach (regulations, involved
organisations, support measures in place?

In relation to your own government…

 Whatelements do you like of the Chinese strategy
and should be considered in your country?
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Monitoring system and results

Monitoring system
Level of GPP implementation
Market transformation
Benefits of GPP
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GPP Monitoring System

 Not yet standardised for all government agencies
 Inprocess to establish a system that will foster
implementation

 The government is working on the establishment of

unified Public Resources Trading Platform with
unified rules for the whole country by mid 2017
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Results: GPP Implementation

91,06 billion RMB in ±

Energy Conversing products 82%
(in 2011)

176.24 billion RMB in ±

Ecolabelled products 75%
(in 2014)
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Results: Market transformation

 Number of product models in the ELP List (in each version)
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Results: Market transformation

 Number of companies in the ELP List (in each version)
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Results: Environmental benefits, ELP

The purchase of ELP represent the following benefits:
- Reduction of 205,000 t VOCs emission = 25 times of
the planned emission reduction of Beijing Municipality
in the same year
- Reduction of 859 t O₂ emission = an increase of 4.69
m³ forest volume
- Reduction of 1,232 t phosphorus emission = about
1/10 of the annual total phosphorus emission of the
Taihu Lake watershed
- Reduction of 16.75 t Hg emission = the Hg content of
280 million No.5 batteries
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Results: Environmental benefits, ELP

If we consider the annual purchases of printers and

laptops by the national government – the main electronic
products purchased by the government (about 10,000
units/each), the benefits of buying them green are:
-1.58 million KWh of electricity saved
-430 t of dust reduced
-1,575 t CO₂ , 47 t SO₂ and 23.7 t NOx not emitted
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Question to participants:
 Doyou have questions regarding the monitoring
and evaluation system of the Chinese Government?
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Challenges & Success Factors

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Success Factors
 Havinglaws and regulations providing basic support
for GPP, specially the requirement in the
procurement law and the obligation to buy certain
energy-efficient products
 Linking GPP to Ecolabels
 Elaboration of the two certified products Lists
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Challenges
 The GPP policies should be improved as it’s not
complete. There is no specific GPP law in China
(however related requirements were include in the
government procurement law).
 Complicated hierarchical structure of government
procurement creates confusion about GPP
 Lack of common and standardised procurement
procedures, templates and tools  still in development,
making monitoring difficult
 Lack of knowledge on GPP
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Challenges
 Limited scope of GPP, both in terms of categories and
organisations covered:
 GPP applies only to the procurement of certified products
(or services using them), but it excludes construction
projects – smaller market.

 The number of designated products is still small, and for

many agencies GPP requirements apply to very few
number of purchases.

 An important public sector (State-owned companies and

similar) are not included in the current GPP framework
even though they account for more than 75% of the whole
public sector procurement.
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Way Forward
 GPP has to be promoted more intensively in all
public authorities (local, regional and national)
 More resources need to be provided to support
public authorities in conducting their GPP
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Question to participants:
Any additional thing you would like to ask?
Or get more clarifications on?
Or discuss?