Stroke

Syndrome
EKA AGUS PERIBADI (1562030009)
WILFRIDA ELMA FRANY R (1562030016)
FEBBY ARIANTI (1562030017)
OKKY PUTRI (1362030005)
What is Stroke ?
The sudden death of brain cells due to lack of oxygen, caused by
blockage of blood flow or rupture of an artery to the brain.
TYPES OF STROKE
1. Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
temporary attacks that come on suddenly and last only a few minutes to not more than 24 hours; al
though theyoften are not recognized as such, they are a warning that a completed stroke can occur.
2. Reversible ischemic neurologic deficit (RIND)
RIND is an event similar to TIA except that the symptoms last for several days to a week; there is complete or
nearly complete recovery. Like TIA, RIND is an indication that the person is at high risk for a completed stroke.

3. Stroke in evolution (SIE)

experiences gradual weakness on one side of the body. The diagnosis of SIE is confirmed when the
progressive changes are witnessed by the health care provider.
4. Completed stroke (CS)
The person with a completed stroke (CS) exhibits symptoms associated with severe cerebral
ischemia resulting from an interrupted blood supply to the brain.
CAUSES
• Being overweight or obese
• Physical inactivity
• High blood presure
• High cholesterol.
• Diabetes.
• Obstructive sleep apnea — a sleep disorder in which the oxygen
level intermittently drops during the night.
SYMPTOMS
1. Trouble with speaking and understanding.
2. Paralysis or numbness of the face, arm or leg.
3. Trouble with seeing in one or both eyes.
4. Headache.
5. Trouble with walking.
COMPLICATIONS
Complications to be avoided in the patient who has suffered a stroke include
1. pressure ulcers,
2. hypostatic pneumonia,
3. thrombosis and other conditions resulting from circulatory stasis,
4. kidney stones and urinary infections,
5. such orthopedic deformities as footdrop, wristdrop, and contractures.
TREATMENT
PNF method (Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation)
PNF Techniques help develop muscular strength and endurance, joint stability, mobility, neuromuscular control
and coordination– all of which are aimed at improving the overall functional ability of stroke patients.
1. Hold-relax
One PNF technique that Black says can trigger the reflex is commonly called “hold-relax.” This involves:
o Putting a muscle in a stretched position (also called a passive stretch) and holding for a few seconds.
o Contracting the muscle without moving (also called isometric), such as pushing gently against the stretch
without actually moving. This is when the reflex is triggered and there is a “6- to 10-second window of
opportunity for a beyond ‘normal’ stretch,” Black says.
o Relaxing the stretch, and then stretching again while exhaling. This second stretch should be deeper than the
first.
2. Contract-relax
Another common PNF technique is the contract-relax stretch. It is almost identical to hold-relax,
except that instead of contracting the muscle without moving, the muscle is contracted while
moving. This is sometimes called isotonic stretching.
Hydrotherapy and Therapy Pools
The person floating in the supine position has an assistant behind their head, who gently holds
them at the trunk sides, and slowly guides their body through an arcing motion (from side-to-
side).
The supine body sway exercise allows the trunk and hips to stretch at the end of each
movement.
Supine hip abduction (passive)
Supine hip and knee flexion (passive)
Supine shoulder flexion and abduction (passive)
PHRASES
 Do you feel numbness on hand or leg area?
 How long have you felt numbness on your hand ?
 Have you had stroke attact before ?
 Do you have high blood pressure history?
 Do you have high cholesterol history?
 Do you smoke ?, If you are a smoker, how many
ciggaretes do you have in a day?
Are you able to sleep well?
 Do you feel headache ?
How many times do you do the exercise in a week ?
 Can you hold this bottle like I do?
 Please hold my hand
 We’ll start the treatment right now
 Please follow my instructions
 Can you raise your hand, like I do?
 I’ll check your blood pressure
How do you feel? Do you feel better?
 Are you able to walk?
 Have you had the treatment before?
Thank You
