DOROTHEA

OREM(1914 – 2007)
SELF – CARE DEFICIT THEORY
 PRESENTED BY
MEHAR ALI
M.S. NURSING
1ST YEAR, SEMESTER I, 2017 – 2018
SUBJECT: THEORETICAL BASIS OF NURSING
FACULTY: MADAM ALMAS GHAFFAR
DATE: MARCH 10, 2017.
PEOPLE’S NURSING SCHOOL, L.U.M.H.S.,
JAMSHORO.
OBJECTIVES
AT THE END OF PRESENTATION, PARTICIPANTS WILL BE
ABLE TO:
• DESCRIBE BACKGROUND OF DOROTHEA OREM.
• ELABORATE THE DEVELOPMENT OF THEORY &
MAJOR ASSUMPTIONS.
• EXPLAIN BASIC TERMS USED IN THEORY.
• DISCUSS GENERAL THEORIES OF DOROTHEA
OREM.
• ENLIGHTEN THE META – PARADIGM
• EXPLORE STRENGTH & LIMITATION OF THEORY.
• IDENTIFY APPLICATION OF THEORY
 DOROTHEA ELIZABETH OREM
• BORN AT BALTIMORE MARYLAND
AMERICA IN 1914.

• DIPLOMA IN NURSING PROVIDENCE

HOSPITAL SCHOOL OF NURSING
WASHING DC. 1934.

• BSN FROM CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF

AMERICA 1939.

• MSN FROM CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF

AMERICA IN 1946.
 CONT…
• INVOLVED IN NURSING PRACTICE,
NURSING SERVICE, AND NURSING
EDUCATION
• SELF-CARE THEORY PUBLISHED IN 1959.
• WORKED AS A STAFF NURSE, NURSE
EDUCATOR, ADMINISTRATOR AND NURSE
CONSULTANT
• RECEIVED HONORARY DOCTOR OF
SCIENCE DEGREE IN 1976
 DEVELOPMENT OF THEORY
1949-1957: WORKED FOR THE DIVISION
OF HOSPITAL AND INSTITUTIONAL
SERVICES OF THE INDIANA STATE BOARD
OF HEALTH.

HER GOAL WAS TO UPGRADE THE

QUALITY OF NURSING IN GENERAL
HOSPITALS THROUGHOUT THE STATE.
CONT…
1959: SERVED AS ACTING DEAN OF THE
SCHOOL OF NURSING AND AS AN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF NURSING
EDUCATION AT CUA. SHE CONTINUED TO
DEVELOP HER CONCEPT OF NURSING
AND SELF CARE DURING THIS TIME.
OREM’S NURSING: CONCEPT OF
PRACTICE WAS FIRST PUBLISHED IN
1971 AND SUBSEQUENTLY IN 1980,
1985, 1991, 1995, AND 2001.
 MAJOR ASSUMPTIONS
PEOPLE SHOULD BE SELF-RELIANT AND
RESPONSIBLE FOR THEIR OWN CARE
AND OTHERS IN THEIR FAMILY NEEDING
CARE
PEOPLE ARE DISTINCT INDIVIDUALS
NURSING IS A FORM OF ACTION –
INTERACTION BETWEEN TWO OR MORE
PERSONS
 CONT…
SUCCESSFULLY MEETING UNIVERSAL
AND DEVELOPMENT SELF-CARE
REQUISITES IS AN IMPORTANT
COMPONENT OF PRIMARY CARE
PREVENTION AND ILL HEALTH
A PERSON’S KNOWLEDGE OF
POTENTIAL HEALTH PROBLEMS IS
NECESSARY FOR PROMOTING SELF-CARE
BEHAVIORS
SELF CARE AND DEPENDENT CARE ARE
BEHAVIORS LEARNED WITHIN A SOCIO-
 TERMINOLOGIES

• SELF CARE
• SELF CARE AGENCY
• SELF CARE REQUISITES
• DEPENDENT CARE
• DEPENDENT CARE AGENCY
• NURSING DESIGN
 OREM’S GENERAL
THEORY OF NURSING

THEORY OF SELF CARE

THEORY OF SELF CARE DEFICIT

THEORY OF NURSING SYSTEM

THE THEORY OF SELF CARE
 THE THEORY OF SELF CARE
DEFICIT
• NURSING IS REQUIRED WHEN ADULTS
ARE INCAPABLE OF OR LIMITED IN THEIR
ABILITY TO PROVIDE CONTINUES
EFFECTIVE SELF CARE
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Self
Care
R
R
Conditioning factors

Conditioning factors
Self
Self R Care
Care
Deman
Agency
d
Defici
t
R R

Nursin
g
Agency
 STRATEGIES FOR SELF –
CARE DEFICIT
FOLLOWING METHODS THAT NURSES CAN
USE
• ACTING FOR OR DOING ANOTHER

• GUIDING AND DIRECTING

• PROVIDING PHYSICAL AND

PSYCHOLOGICAL

• MAINTAINING AN ENVIRONMENT THAT

SUPPORT PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
 NURSING SYSTEM
• OREM HAS IDENTIFIED THREE
CLASSIFICATION OF NURSING SYSTEM
TO MEET THE SELF CARE REQUISITES OF
THE PATIENT

• WHOLLY COMPENSATORY SYSTEM

• PARTLY COMPENSATORY SYSTEM
• SUPPORTIVE EDUCATIVE SYSTEM
 META-PARADIGM
PERSON
• HUMANITY AN INTEGRATED WHOLE
COMPOSED OF AN INTERNAL PHYSICAL,
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL NATURE
WITH VARYING DEGREE OF SELF CARE
ABILITY

HEALTH
• A STATE OF WELLBEING WHICH REFER TO
A PERSON’S CONDITION OF EXISTENCE
CHARACTERIZED BY CONTENTMENT,
PLEASURE, HAPPINESS, MOVEMENT
NURSING
• AN ART THROUGH WHICH THE PRACTITIONER
OF NURSING GIVES SPECIALIZED ASSISTANCE
TO PERSON WITH DISABILITIES THAT NEEDED
GREATER THAN ORDINARY ASSISTANCE TO
MEET THE DAILY NEEDS FOR SELF CARE
ENVIRONMENT
• SURROUNDING OF PATIENTS MAY AFFECTS
THEIR ABILITY TO PERFORM THEIR SELF CARE
ACTIVATES INCLUDE TWO DIMENSIONS
• PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL
• SOCIOECONOMIC FEATURE
 STRENGTHS
• COMPREHENSIVE BASE FOR NURSING
PRACTICE.

• QUALITY OF SELF CARE NECESSARY TO

SUSTAIN LIFE AND HEALTH, RECOVER
FROM DISEASE OR INJURY, OR COPE
WITH THEIR EFFECTS.

• LOGICAL IN NATURE.

• INCLUDES CONTINUING EDUCATION AS

PART OF THE PROFESSIONAL
 LIMITATIONS

• THE TERM SELF CARE IS USED WITH NUMEROUS

CONFIGURATIONS.

• HEALTH IS OFTEN VIEWED AS DYNAMIC AND EVER

CHANGING. HER MODEL IMPLIES THREE STATIC
CONDITION OF HEALTH.
• THE THEORY IS ILLNESS ORIENTED RATHER WITH NO
INDICATION OF ITS USE IN WELLNESS SETTINGS
 APPLICATION

• EDUCATION
• COMMUNITY BASED NURSING
• HOME CARE
• SERVICES
• ADMINISTRATION
 REFERENCE
• MARTHA RAILE ALLIGOOD (2014), NURSING
THEORISTS AND THEIR WORK (ED.8),U.S.,
ELSEVIER MOSBY.

• JULIA B. GEORGE (2011), NURSING THEORIES: THE

BASE FOR PROFESSIONAL NURSING PRACTICE
(ED.6),NEW JERSEY, PEARSON EDUCATION.

• RETRIEVED FROM
HTTPS://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/MHNSATHISH/ORE
MS-SELF-CARE-DEFICIT-THEORY
THANKS