PENGENDALIAN

HAMA GUDANG
 Pengendalian kimiawi (TIKUS)

• Rodentisida akut langsung membunuh

• Rodentisida kronis (Anti koagulan) tidak langsung
keracunan
• Dosis tunggal
• Multi dosis
• Peletakan tidak terus menerus
• Pengumpanan pada jalur masuk
• Fumigasi

Kelemahan:
• Rodentisida akut menyebabkan keengganan makan umpan
• Perlu waktu sampai umpan beracun dimakan tikus
• Bahaya bagi manusia dan hewan piaraan
• Hanya efektif jika diimbangi dengan sanitasi yang baik
PENGENDALIAN SERANGGA HAMA

• Sanitasi gudang dan komoditi (deteksi)

• Pendinginan
• Disinfestasi dengan panas
• Rotasi stok
• Impact, pneumatic augers
• Residual insecticides
• Fumigasi (metil bromida (CH3Br), Fosfin (PH3))
• Karbondioksida
 PENDINGINAN

•PEMBALIKAN TUMPUKAN
•AERASI
•PENDINGINAN/CHILLING

Rusty grain beetle

• - 5 oC selama 8 minggu
• - 10 oC selama 6 minggu
• - 15 oC selama 4 minggu
 Acute mammalian toxicities (LD50 - mg/kg body weight)
for contact insecticides currently of use in stored-Brain insect control
 Maximum residue
limits (MRL) and
acceptable daily
intake Levels
(ADI) (mg/kg or ppm)
recommended by
FAD/WHO as at April
1992
 FUMIGASI
KEUNGGULAN DAN KELEMAHAN FOSFIN DAN METIL BROMIDA
Phosphine Methyl bromide
Easy to transport Refillable cylinders are expensive to transport
Difficult to apply, requiring special equipment
Easy to apply
and skill
Good penetration and distribution Distribution rather poor
Sorption occurs and may cause taint, bromide
Taint, residues and loss of viability in treated
residues and loss of viability in treated
seeds are generally negligible
seeds
Slow acting, particularly at low temperatures Rapidly toxic and widely effective even at lower
and humidities* temperatures
Flammable: spontaneously explosive ignition
Non-flammable
can occur in some circumstances
High acute mammalian toxicity but low chronic Dangerous acute and chronic poison with
toxicity delayed symptoms
Fairly easy to detect Very easy to detect
Rapidly lost by leakage unless fumigation space
is well sealed and gas tight soon after Needs very good seeing before application
application
* Not recommended for use at temperatures below 12°C.
Source: Adapted from Pest Control for Food Security, FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper 63 (Prepared for
FAO by ODNRI), FAO, Rome (1985).
 Average
concentration
s of
phosphine
(mg/l)
required to
give 100 per
cent mortality
of all
developmental
stages of
insects under
experimental
conditions
Pest control techniques: current options
Pest control techniques: current options
Pest control techniques: current options