TRANSFORMER

DRY TYPE

LAGATUZ, MANILYN
Presentor
 TRANSFORMER

A static device which convert electrical power

from one circuit to another without changing its
frequency. It Step up (or Step down) the level of AC
Voltage and Current.
DRY TYPE TRANSFORMER
 DRY TYPE TRANSFORMER

 it is cooled by normal air ventilation

 voltage changing or isolation device that is air cooled
rather than liquid cooled
 Windings with the core is pressurized by air
 Cooling ducts in the windings allow heat to be
dissipated into the air
 Types of Dry Type Transformer

1. Open wound
It preheated the conductor coils and then, when
heated, dipping them in varnish at an elevated
temperature. The coils are then baked to cure the
varnish.
2. Vacuum pressure impregnation (VPI)
This technique applies the varnish coating in
interchanging cycles of pressure and vacuum. It
includes pressure in addition to vacuum.
 Types of Dry Type Transformer

3. Vacuum pressure encapsulated (VPE)

This method is usually superior to the VPI process.
These transformers feature better protection from
harsh and wet environments.

4. Cast coil (molded epoxy sealing)

These units incorporate coils encapsulated in
epoxy by a molding process. Reliable and can be
exposed to extreme conditions.
PARTS OF DRY TYPE TRANSFORMER
 PARTS OF DRY TYPE TRANSFORMER

1. LV Terminals – normal arrangement

2. HV Terminals – variable arrangement
3. Cross-Flow fans – permitting a 50% increase in the rated power
4. Three-leg Core – made of grain-oriented, low-loss electro laminations
insulated on both sides
5. Resilient Spacers – to insulate core and windings from mechanical
vibrations
6. HV Winding – consist of vacuum potted single foil-type aluminum coils
7. LV Winding – made of aluminum strip. Turns firmly glued together by
means of insulating sheet wrapper material
8. Insulation (mixture of epoxy resin and quartz powder) – makes the
transformer maintenance-free, moisture-proof, flame resistant, and self-
extinguishing
9. Clamping Frame and Truck - rollers can be swung around for
lengthways or sideways travel
 Advantages of Dry-type Transformers

 Safety for environment, people and property

 Non-explosive
 No fire hazard
 Lower maintenance
 Easy installation
 Excellent capacity to support loads
 Long lasting due to low thermal and dielectric
heating.
 Suited for damp and contaminated areas
HOW DRY TYPE TRANSFORMERS WORK ?

When a fluctuating electric current flows

through a wire, it generates a fluctuating magnetic
field or "magnetic flux" all around it.
When a magnetic field fluctuates around a piece
of wire, it generates an electric current in the wire.
 Disadvantages of Dry-type Transformers

 Dry-type transformers are more expensive to purchase

and to operate.
 Repairs are difficult, and end-of-life recycling is limited.
 Coils can pose fire risks when they are not properly
cleaned.
 Annual maintenance usually requires deactivation and
downtime.
 Electrical losses associated with dry transformers are
significantly higher.
 Dry type transformers have high operating noises, so
they are not suitable for all indoor applications.
 Application of Dry Type Transformer

Dry type transformer are widely used in:

 Chemical, oil and gas industry
 Environmentally sensitive areas (e.g. water
protection areas)
 Fire-risk areas (e.g. forests)
 Inner-city substations
 Indoor and underground substations
 Renewable generation (e.g. off-shore wind turbines)
 QUESTIONS

1. Explain the working principle of dry type

transformer.
2. Briefly discuss one type of dry type transformer.
3. Explain the function of resilient spacers.