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ACTION

ON
ARRIVAL
BY JOBIN DAN MATHEW(34)
JOEL JOHN GEORGE(35)
KAMIL K(36)
MANISH KUMAR(37)
1. ARRIVAL AT AN INCIDENT

• CALLS BY TELEPHONE: EMERGENCY NUMBERS:


(INDIA)
.101-FIRE
.108- common for
• police,medical and fire
.1906- Gas leakage
.112- All emergency
• The communication center personnel are
responsible for obtaining the Correct
address,Specific location,Nature of the
emergency(type of fire).
• On arrival, finding no trace of fire, a message
should be sent back asking for the address to
be verified.
• In the meantime the officer in charge with his
crew should make a short tour of the adjacent
areas.
• LOCATING HYDRANTS

A fire hydrant is a connection


point by which firefighters
can tap into a water supply.
• ON arrival ,after checking for signs of fire ,
the team must lookout for the nearest
hydrant.

f Fire Hydrants can be
identified by this
marker post.
• Fire hydrants can also be located from route
cards.
• Sometimes fire hyrdrants are placed under
ground.
•HYLO APP(hydrant finder)

• This application helps the


firefighter to find the nearest
hydrant.
• It also gives information about the size of the
water main ,and whether the hyrant is
fuctional or is damaged or in service.
•WHEREABOUTS OF THE FIRE

• On arrival at the site, the locations of the fire is not


obvious-the occupants(if any) may act as informants.
• If no occupants are not present then the firemen will
have to locate the fire themselves.
•Slipping the escape
Escape carrying
Appliance-
• The officer in
Charge should
Decide whether
to Slip the escape immediately on arrival.
• Pump mounted at midships-slipping can be
done at any time.(even when pump is on)
• Pump mounted at rear-slipping is necessary
for the pump to operate
• ESCAPE CARRYING APPLIANCE:
•Responsibility of first officer
• Officer in charge of fist appliance-responsible
for carrying out the rescues.
• For this he must ascertain-presence of people
in bulding,the exact location of the people.
• Responsibilities also includes surveying the
situation,entering the premises(if
possible),deciding from which points the fire
should be attacked ,and Accessing the
appliances required to deal with it.
•SPRINKLERED BUILDINGS
• Preliminary assessment of the
outside-whether the building has
sprinklers,drenches,or inlets to dry risers.
• presence of sprinkler-alarm sound from
sprinkler gong,the sprinkler stop valve and the
gong will be seen outside.
• A member of the crew should stand near the
main stop valve.He must close the valve on
instruction by the officer in charge of the fire.
• Working of an automatic sprinkler system:
•AUTOMATIC FIRE ALARMS
• If the building has automatic
fire alarms, the annunciator
control panel will show the
part of the building affected.
• If no fire is found at the
point indicated, all floors
must be checked.
(wrong annunciator has
worked)
• If no annunciator is
showing , but if the alarm
Has functioned then also
the building must be checked.
•EQUIPMENT REQUIRED ON ENTRY
• Equipments required depends on the type of
buiding and its contents.
• The officer in charge will give instructions
about the type of equipments to be used.
Extinguisher Hand lamps

Hose reels Radio


• Fireman shovel fireman’s axe

• Scba Fire blanket


•HOSE REELS
• Most of the fires could be dealt with hose reel
equipment,unless the breakout is beyond its
capacity.
• One or both of the hose reels
should be taken in on first entry.
• Pump operator-engage the
pump and operate the valve to hose reel.
• A line of hose between nearest hydrant and
the pump inlet.
• In the case of fires in upper floors the hose
reel in carried up a ladder from outside.
•METHODS OF ENTRY

• FORCIBLE ENTRY:

The techniques used to get into buildings or other areas of


confinement when normal means of entry are locked or
blocked.
• Sometimes it can be very easy, while at other moments it
can be extremely difficult and challenging.
• RULES:Try the doorknob first.
Try to preserve the integrity of the door when forcing it.
• 2 types of doors-Inward opening and outward opening.
• TOOLS:HALLIGAN, AX, bam-bam, or bolt cutters

HALLIGAN:

AX:
• FORCIBLE ENTRY – INWARD OPENING DOOR
•DECIDING THE EXTINGUISHING AGENT
• 3 IMPORTANT STEPS:
1.SIZE UP
2.LOCATING THE FIRE
3.IDENTIFY AND ISOLATE EXISTING OR
POTENTIAL FLOW PATHS.
1. 360 ⁰ SIZE UP
• NIOSH Reports- lack of complete size up is the
contributing factor for firefighter deaths.
•OTHER FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED DURING
SIZEUP
2.DETERMINE THE LOCATION AND EXTEND OF
FIRE
• WHERE IS THE FIRE?

• WHERE IS THE FIRE


GOING?

 LOCATION OF THE FIRE CAN USUALLY BE ACCOMPLISHED DURING THE SIZE


UP.
 TIC CAN BE USEFUL IN DETERMINING THE LOCATION AND EXTEND OF FIRE.
SEARCHING FOR THE FIRE
• EXTERNAL INDICATIONS
Smoke emerging from some part of the
building.

 Sound of cracking or discolouration of


window glass.
Heat can be felt at the windows.
READING SMOKE
• Various materials give off different quantities of smoke-The
type and colour gives information(nature of burning
material)
• Reading smoke is important to identify the warning signs
for flashovers,smoke explosions,rapid fire spread etc..
• VELOCITY:
The FASTER smoke is near to the
Fire.
• Compare velocities from equal
size openings.
• DENSITY:
Thicker the smoke,more the fuel.
• COLOUR:
Black smoke that is having high velocity and
low density indicates that the fire is nearby.
• MUSHROOMING:
 Smoke when heated will tend to rise(due to low
density than air).
 Near the fire there is a definite upward surge that
drives the smoke up.The smoke will rise until it
stikes a roof or ceiling,when it will spread sideways.
This is called “MUSHROOMING”.
Mushrooming can be responsible for a great deal of
damage if overhead venting of fire is not carried
out.
• INFLUENCE OF AIR CURRENTS:
Air currents will cause the spreading of smoke.
Ventilation can sometimes carry the smoke to the
most unlikely spaces.
Hollow partitions and light weight construction can
carry the smoke far from the fire.
In buildings with panelled walls,smoke travel may
be difficult to trace due to the concealed spaces
behind the panelling.
• Other methods to tace fire:
Sense of smell:Most of the substances give a
characteristic smell when burning.
Firemen should be able to readily identify the
burning material by the smell of the smoke.
Technique of listening:Provided all movement is
suspended and when ears are kept close to the
floor, it may be possible to hear the fire burning.
• READING SMOKE
3.IDENTIFY AND CONTROL FLOW PATHS
• Check for victims

• Controlling the flow path will limit the fire


growth .
REFERENCES
• MANUAL OF FIREMANSHIP – Practical firemanship 1
(Book-11)

• NFPA INDUSTRIAL FIRE BRIGADE- Principles and


practice.

• INDUSTRIAL FIRE PROTECTION HANDBOOK- R. Craig


Schroll
• www.wikipedia.org
• www.fireengineering.com
• www.firerescue1.com

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