Career &

Technical

Basic Geometric Terms &

Construction

004.00
Explain geometric terms and apply
geometric construction techniques
 Career &
Technical

Basic Geometric Terms &

Construction

004.01
Explain selected geometric terms
Geometry
 The study of the size and shape of
things
 The relationship of straight and curved
lines in drawing shapes
 It is essential to recognize geometry
that exists within objects for the
purpose of creating solid models or
multiview drawings
 Angles
 Acute Angle
 Measures less than 90°
 Obtuse Angle
 Measures more than 90°
 Right Angle
 Measures exactly 90°
Vertex  Vertex
 Point at which two lines of
an angle intersect
Circle
 Radius
 Distance from the center of a circle to its
edge
 Diameter
 Distance across a circle through its center
 Circumference
 Distance around the edge of a circle
 Chord
 Line across a circle that does not pass at
the circle’s center
 Circle
 Has 360°
 Quadrant
 One fourth (quarter) of a circle
 Measures 90°
 Concentric
 Two or more circles of different
sizes that share the same center
point
Triangles
 Equilateral
 All three sides are of equal length
and all three angles are equal
 Isosceles
 Two sides are of equal length
 Scalene
 Sides of three different lengths
and angles with three different
values
 Triangles
 Right Triangle
 One of the angles equals 90°
 Hypotenuse
 The side of a right triangle that is
opposite the 90° angle

HYPOTENUSE
 Quadrilaterals
 Square
 Four equal sides and all angles
equal 90°
 Rectangle
 Two sides equal lengths and all
angles equal 90°
 Trapezoid
 Only two sides are equal length
 Quadrilaterals
 Rhombus
 All sides are equal length and
opposite angles are equal

 Rhomboid
 Opposite sides are equal length
and opposite angles are equal
Regular Polygons
 Pentagon
 Five sided polygon

 Hexagon
 Six sided polygon

 Octagon
 Eight sided polygon
Regular Polygons
 Distance across flats
FLATS

 Measurement across the

parallel sides of a polygon

 Distance across corners

 Measurement across CORNERS

adjacent corners of a
polygon
Solids
 Prism

 Right Rectangular

 Right Triangular
Solids
 Cylinder

 Cone

 Sphere
Solids

 Pyramid

 Torus
 Geometric Terms
 Circumscribe
 Process of creating a
polygon that fully encloses a
circle and is tangent to all of
the polygons sides
 Inscribe
 Process of creating a
polygon that is fully
enclosed by a circle at its
corners
 Geometric Terms
 Bisect
 Divide into two equal
parts
 Tangent
 A line and arc, or two
arcs that touch each
other at one point only
 Geometric Terms
 Parallel
 Two or more lines
that are always the
same distance apart

 Perpendicular
 Two lines that are at a
90° angle
Geometric Symbols

Angle Parallel

Triangle Perpendicular

R Radius Square

Diameter CL Centerline
 Career &
Technical

Basic Geometric Terms &

Construction

4.02
Demonstrate the procedures for
drawing standard geometric
constructions
 Bisect a Line w/ a Compass

 Given line AB

 With points A & B as centers

and any radius greater than ½
of AB, draw arcs to intersect,
creating points C & D

 Draw line EF through

points C and D
 Bisect a Line w/ a Triangle

 Given line AB H

F D
 Draw line CD from
endpoint A
C E
A B
 Draw line EF from
endpoint B G

 Draw line GH through intersection

 Bisect an Arc

 Given arc AB

 With points A & B as centers

and any radius greater than ½
of AB, draw arcs to intersect,
creating points C & D

 Draw line EF through

points C and D
 Bisect an Angle
 Given angle AOB
 With point O as the center
and any convenient radius R,
draw an arc to intersect AO
and OB to located points C
and D
 With C and D as centers
and any radius R2 greater
than ½ the radius of arc
CD, draw two arcs to
intersect, locating point E
 Draw a line through points O
and E to bisect angle AOB
 Divide a Line into Equal Parts
 Given line AB
 Draw a line from endpoint A perpendicular to line AB
 Position scale, placing zero on line AC at
an angle so that the scale touches point B
 Keeping zero on line AC, adjust
A B
the angle of the scale until any
of the desired number of
divisions are included between
line AC and point B
 Mark the divisions
 Draw lines parallel to AC
through the division marks to C
intersect line AB
 Construct a Hexagon
given distance Across Flats (Circumscribed)

 Given distance across

the flats of a hexagon,
draw centerlines and a
circle with a diameter
equal to the distance
across flats

 With parallel edge and

30° – 60 ° triangle,
draw the tangents
 Construct a Hexagon
given distance Across Corners (Inscribed)

 Given distance AB across the corners, draw a

circle with AB as the diameter
C D
 With A and B as centers
and the same radius,
draw arcs to intersect the
A B
circle at points C, D, E,
and F

 Connect the points to

F E
complete the hexagon
 Construct an Octagon
Across Flats (Circumscribed)
 Given the distance across the flats,
draw centerlines and a circle with a 1
diameter equal to the distance
5 7
across flats

 With a parallel edge and 45 3 4

triangle, draw lines tangent to
the circle in the order shown
to complete the octagon 8 6

2
 Construct an Octagon
Across Corners (Inscribed)
 Given the distance across the
corners, draw centerlines AB C
and CD and a circle with a G E
diameter equal to the
distance across corners
A B
 With the T-square and 45°
triangle, draw diagonals EF
and GH
F H
 Connect the points to D
complete the octagon
 Construct an Arc Tangent to
Two Lines at an Acute Angle
A
 Given lines AB and CD

 Construct parallel lines

at distance R B
O
 Construct the
perpendiculars to locate C
points of tangency
D
 With O as the point,
construct the tangent arc
using distance R
 Construct an Arc Tangent to
Two Lines at an Obtuse Angle
A
 Given lines AB and CD

 Construct parallel lines

at distance R
O
 Construct the
perpendiculars to locate B
points of tangency
C
 With O as the point, D
construct the tangent arc
using distance R
 Construct an Arc Tangent to
Two Lines at Right Angles
 Given angle ABC
A
 With B as the point,
strike arc R1 equal
to given radius D O

 With D and E as the

points, strike arcs R2
equal to given radius
 With O as the point,
B C
strike arc R equal to E
given radius
 Construct an Arc Tangent to a
Line and an Arc
 Given line AB and arc CD
 Strike arcs R1 (given radius)
 Draw construction arc parallel to
given arc, with center O
 Draw construction line parallel to
given line AB C
 From intersection E, draw EO to
get tangent point T1, and drop
perpendicular to given line to get E
point of tangency T2 T1
 Draw tangent arc R from R1
T1 to T2 with center E
O A B
T2
D
 Construct an Arc Tangent to
Two Arcs
 Given arc AB with
center O and arc CD A
with center S
 Strike arcs R1 = radius R T E
 Draw construction arcs O
parallel to given arcs, BC
T
using centers O and S
 Join E to O and E to S to get
tangent points T
S D
 Draw tangent arc R from T to T,
with center E