Single

&
Three Phase
Supplies

BY: SIM SI KAI, CHOOK KAI ERN, HENRY KHOO,

LIM ZHENG YAN, WONG WEN NEE, YAP YUEN THONG
Single Phase Supply
Three Phase Supply
 Single Phase Supply

● Single Phase supply is used in a place where less power is required and running on small
loads
● It consists of one conductor and one neutral wire for completing the circuit
● The conductor carries the current and the neutral is the return path of the current
● It supplies the voltage up to 230 Volts
● It power only flows through one conductor
● The single phase consists only two wire hence it make the network simple
● This system only has one phase wire and it fault occurs on the network, then the power
supply completely fails
● The efficiency of the single-phase supply is less
● Single - phase supply requires more maintenance and become costly
● Risk of breakdown is high, once it breakdown it can only replace a new one, there for it
requires maintenance
● Single phase supply is mostly used in the house and for running the small loads
 Advantages and Disadvantages of Single
Phase Wiring

Advantages Disadvantages

More preferable for domestic use High maintenance fee

Simple circuit Use more conductor material

Less expensive electrical system Carry less power

Power delivery is less constant

Three Phase Supply

● Three-phase electric power is a common method of alternating current electric power

generation, transmission, and distribution
● It is a type of polyphase system and is the most common method used by electrical
grids worldwide to transfer power
● Three-phase power provides three alternating currents
● Three-phase electric is made up of three conductors and an electric motor
● Three-phase electric is highly efficient
● Due to its characteristic, it able to generate a constant power current throughout the
circuit
● More economical compared to single phase electric
 Advantages and Disadvantages of Three
Phase Wiring

Advantages of Three Phase Wiring Disadvantages of Three Phase Wiring

Power delivered is constant Higher cost of the installation

Parallel operation is easy Inconvenience to repair

More efficient in supply In case of fault of one phase results to the whole unit
shut down

The total power is never zero Greater cost of standby units

 Advantages and Disadvantages of Three
Phase Wiring

Advantages of Three Phase Wiring Disadvantages of Three Phase Wiring

Three phase motors have uniform torque

Three phase induction motors are self-starting

Requires conductors with a smaller cross-sectional

area
Conclusion

In conclusion, based on the 3 factors:

● Cost
● Efficiency
● Maintenance

We can conclude that three phase requires a higher initial cost, however it is a
worthwhile long term investment as it is more efficient than single phase and
has lower maintenance costs.

Suitability:

Three phase: Modern housing, commercial, and industrial properties

Single phase: Low cost residential properties

Costing Approach

Split into two phases

● Pre Installation Phase

- Material Cost
- Grounding cost

● Installation Phase
- Traffic management cost
- Installation price on site
- Availability of electrical supply on site
Pre Installation Phase
Installation Phase

Traffic management (Connection charges involving extension of mains)

1. Limited to planting not more than 3 poles/ laying underground mains <80 metres
a. No charge for 1 phase (overhead) connection
b. RM 750 for 3 phase overhead connection
c. RM 1,700 for 3 phase underground connection
Installation Phase cont.

2. Planting more than 3 poles or laying of underground cables more than 80 metres
a. 50% of the cost of the additional poles erected, inclusive of overhead conductors,
services lines, accessories, etc plus the connection charge in 1(b) or 1(c)
b. The standard rate to be charged for the cost of each additional poles erected
inclusive of overhead conductors, service lines, accessories etc will be at RM 400
 Installation Costs

1. Two months deposit for electrical installations

No Type of Premises Deposit Amount (RM) Base on Voltage Level

230V (Single Phase) 400V (Three Phase)

1. Flat, Cabin, Long House, Kampung RM 170.00 RM 400.00

House

2. Low & Medium Cost Apartment, Link RM 250.00 RM 400.00

House (1 Storey)

3. Link House (>1 Storey), Apartment/ RM 500.00 RM 700.00

Condominium (<=3 Rooms),
Townhouse (> 1 Storey), Semi D (1
Storey), Luxury Apartment/
Condominium & Link house (> 1
Storey), Bungalow (1 Storey)

4. Bungalow (> 1 Storey), Penthouse RM 900.00 RM 1,600.00

Installation Costs cont.

Cost for a three phase involves two parts:

External wiring

● As quoted by TNB, the price can range anywhere from RM 300 to RM 1,250.
The price is determined by your house unit type as well as if your
connection cable is underground.

Internal wiring

● As quoted by TNB, prices start from RM 2,000 and can go up as high as RM

10,000 as it depends on factors such as the number of plug points in the
house, the size of distribution board, type of equipment involved such as
water heaters, ACs and ovens
 Tariff Rates

● Usage of single phase or three phase wiring does not affect the tariff rates as tariff rates will be the
same.
Tariff Category Unit Current rate ( 1 Jan 2014 –
Present)

Tariff A – Domestic Tariff

For the first 200 kWh (1 – 200) Sen/kWh 21.80

per month

For the next 100 kWh (201 – Sen/kWh 33.40

300) per month

For the next 300 kWh (301 – Sen/kWh 51.60

600) per month

For the next 300 kWh (601 – Sen/kWh 54.60

900) per month

For the next kWh per month Sen/kWh 57.10

(901 kWh onwards) per month

The minimum monthly charge is RM 3.00