Cloud Computing Introduction

Smita Kulkarni
 “Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient , on demand
network access to a shared pool of configurable and reliable computing
resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, services) that can
be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal consumer management
effort or service provider interaction.”
‘Cloud Security’, Ronald L. Kurtz
Need for Cloud Computing
 Essential Characteristics
1. On-demand self service
2. Ubiquitous network access
3. Resource pooling
4. Location independence
5. Rapid elasticity
6. Measured services
– ‘Cloud Security’, Ronald L. Kurtz
Driving Factors of Cloud Computing
1. Ubiquitous Network Access
2. Utility Computing
3. Grid Computing
4. Virtualization
5. Service Oriented Architecture
 Utility Computing
• The packaging and delivery of computing resources to customers as a
metered services.
• Originated from the concept of public utility services such as electricity.
• It involves the renting of computing resources such as hardware, software
and network bandwidth on an as-required, on-demand basis.
 Grid Computing

• The application of processing power from diversified processors to

perform single common task.
• Grid computing is the collection of computer resources from multiple
locations to reach a common goal. The grid can be thought of as a
distributed system with non-interactive workloads that involve a large
number of files.
• Grid computing may be represented as a “super virtual computer”
composed of many networked loosely coupled computers acting together
to perform common tasks.
 Platform Virtualization
• The logical partitioning of physical computing resources into multiple
execution environments, including servers, applications and operating
systems.
• It is based on the concept of virtual machine running on a physical
computing platform.
• It is controlled by a Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) known as a
hypervisor.
• Xen & KVM are two popular hypervisors used for virtualization.
 Service Oriented Architecture
• SOA is a set of services that communicate with each other, whose
interfaces are known and described, whose functions are loosely coupled
(not tied to implementation) and whose use can be incorporated by
multiple organizations.
• The SOA service interfaces are specified in XML, and services are
expressed in WSDL.
• Applications can access services in a UDDI registration directory.
Components of Cloud Computing
 Cloud Computing Service Models
• Cloud Service Models
1. IaaS (Amezon, Rackspace, GoGrid)
2. PaaS (Microsoft Azure, GoogleApp Engine, Forse.com,
Informatica so on…)
3. SaaS (Salseforce.com,
Google, Microsoft etc)
 Cloud Deployment Models
• Cloud deployment models are-
• Public cloud (Amazon, Google)
• Private Clouds
• Hybrid Cloud
• Community Cloud
Multi-tenant Architecture of Cloud
• Multi-tenant
– Multi-tenancy means that a single instance of the software and all of
the supporting infrastructure serves multiple customers. Each
customer shares the software application and also shares a single
datastore.

• Single-tenant
– Single-tenancy is an architecture in which a single instance of a
software application and supporting infrastructure serves one
customer.
Sr. No Multi-tenant SaaS Single -tenant Hosted Application
Appl. Application provided through Application provided through ASP
Provider cloud
Use of Multiple clients share the same Each has their own instance of the
Instance instance to do task/store their software application and supporting
data infrastructure.
Data Access This instance is typically divided No access to others data at all
(or partitioned) to prevent the
clients from accessing each
other’s data
Cost With resource pooling, there are With single tenancy, a separate physical
considerable savings in or virtual machine needs to be “spun up”
hardware and power for each customer.
Upgrade Seamless and simultaneous Difficult time consuming upgradation
upgradation of thousand of
users
Backups and Easy and cost effective. Technically more challenging if tens of
Redundancy thousands of customers each had their
own virtual server in each of two data
centers.