Crack width in concrete

using artificial neural

networks
 INTRODUCTION

A neural network is a tool that is used for different

things. In this study we have used it to compare
experiment data with formulas use in building codes A
neural network consider principal factors such as
strength of concrete, concrete cover, bar diameter to
estimate crack width.
BUILDING CODES
Available Codes for estimating the value
of the crack width

 European Committee for Standardization Eurocode 2 (EC2-2004)

 The Comité Euro-Internationale du Béton et Fédération
Internationale de la Précontrainte mmodel code MC-90 (CEB-FIP
1990)
 Canadian Standards Association (CSA)
 Norwegian Council for Building Standardization code NS 3473E
 ACI 224R-01
Canadian Standards Association (CSA S474
2004 and Norwegian Council for Building
Standardization code NS 3473E 2003

 Formulas:
 CSA:

k1 0.4= deformed bars, and 0,8= plain bars

K2 is the coefficient to account for strain gradient
 NS:
European Committee for Standardization
Eurocode 2 (EC2-2004)

 Formula:

Is the design crack width k1=0,8 for deformed bars

and 1,6 plain bars
k2=0,5 bending and 1 pure tension
Is the average stabilized crack spacing
 CEB-FIP 1990 MODEL CODE FOR
CONCRETE STRUCTURES

 The value of the crack spacing  The code gives the following
is stated by the following equation for calculation of the
expression: characteristic crack width:
 CEB-FIP 1990 MODEL CODE FOR
CONCRETE STRUCTURES (RESULTS)

 Comparison between experiment

and CEB-FIP-1990 crack width
estimation.

 Statistical Comparison of Neural

outputs and different codes
 ACI approach
through ACI 224R-01
 The equations that were considered to
best predict the probable maximum
bottom and side crack widths are:

 The spacing of reinforcement closest to

the tension face, S, shall not exceed that
given by:
 ACI approach through ACI 224R-01

 Comparison between experiment

and ACI-224R-2001 crack width
estimation.

 Statistical Comparison of Neural outputs

and different codes.
Estimation of crack width using neural
network
 Crack width using radial basis neural
network

Radial basis transfer function

Radial basis neural network

architecture
(a)Comparison between radial basis neural Crack width radial basis neural estimate vs.
estimate and experimental data experiment
(b)Error %
 FFBP NEURAL NETWORK (FEEDFORWARD
BACK PROPAGATION)
trainlm
learngdm
 Comparison between estimates of crack
width obtained using neural networks  Architecture of FFBP neural network.
and those obtained from experiments.
Regression analysis during training FFBP neural network
 CRACK WIDTH BY FFBP NEURAL
NETWORK

 Comparison between experimental

data and neural network estimates
for crack width

 Statistical Comparison of Neural outputs

and different codes.
 Regression analysis of estimated crack
(a) Comparisons between experimental width by FFBP neural network
data and FFBP neural network
estimate
(b) Absolute error
 RESULTS

Comparison between experiment and Comparison between experiment and NS-

CSA crack width estimation 1992 crack width estimation

 Statistical Comparison of Neural outputs and different codes.

  Statistical Comparison of Neural outputs
Comparison between experiment and and different codes.
EC2-2004 crack width estimation