Department Of Technical Education

Andhra Pradesh
Name : Ch. Jyothi
Designation : Senior Lecturer
Branch : Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Institute : Government Polytechnic, Proddatur
Year/Semester : IV Semester
Subject : A C Machines I
Code No : EE402
Topic : Single Phase Transformers
Sub Topic : Calculation of CORE losses in a
Single phase Transformer
Duration : 50 Minutes
Teaching Aids : PPT, Animations
Revised by : D.Linga Reddy, HEES J.N.Govt.polytechnic, Hyd
9EE402.9 1
 Recap

In the previous class, you have learnt about

• Theory of an ideal transformer

• Study the phenomena when the secondary of the

transformer is open circuited

• Working component & magnetizing component of no-

load current

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 Objectives
On completion of this period, you would be able to understand

• How to calculate the core losses.

• How to calculate magnetizing component and
• How to calculate working component of No-load current of
a single phase transformer

9EE402.9 3
 Example 1
• A transformer takes 0.75 A when its primary is
connected to 200 V, 50 Hz supply. The secondary is
open circuited. The power absorbed from the supply
is 64 W .Find the iron loss current and
magnetizing current.

Given Data
• I0 = 0.75A
• V1 = 200V
• f = 50Hz
• W0 = 64 W

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• Required Data

Im = ?
Iw = ?

Solution
W0 = V1Iw

• Iron loss component Iw = I0cosø0

= W0 / V1
= 64 / 200 = 0.32 A
• As we know that I o2 = Iµ2 + Iw 2
•
•

•
•

9EE402.9 5
 I  I0  I w
2 2
• Magnetising current

 .075  .32
2 2

 0.678A

9EE402.9 6
 Example 2

• A Transformer on no-load takes 4.5 A at a power

factor of 0.25 lagging when connected to a 230 V,50
Hz supply. The number of turns of the primary
winding is 250. Calculate (i) the magnetizing current
and (ii) the core loss and (iii) the maximum value of
flux in the core.

9EE402.9 7
Given Data

• No-Load primary current I0 = 4.5 A

• Primary voltage V1 = 230 V

• Power factor cos ø0 = 0.25 lag

• Frequency f = 50 Hz

• No. of primary turns N1 = 250

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• Required Data

Iµ = ?

W0 = ?

Øm = ?

9EE402.9 9
Solution

• cosø0 = 0.25
ø0 = cos-1(0.25)

• sinø0 = 0.968

• Magnetizing current Iµ = I0 sin ø0

= 4.5 × 0.968
= 4.36 A
• Core loss = V1I0cosø0 = 230 × 4.5×0.25
= 258.75 W

9EE402.9 10
• Neglecting a small amount of cu. Loss in the
primary at no. load

• Primary induced E.M.F. = 4.44fØmN1

= V1
= 230 V
• Maximum value of flux in the core

Øm = E1/4.44fN1
= 230 / 4.44 ×50×250
= 4.14×10-3 wb
= 4.14 m wb.

9EE402.9 11
 Example 3

• A 33000 / 240 V single phase Transformer is supplied

at 240 V on no-load on low voltage side. It takes no-
load current of 2 A and the power of 60 W. The
resistance of the Low-voltage winding is 0.8 Ω. Find
(i) The power factor on No-load
(ii) Active current
(iii) Magnetizing current
(iv) Copper loss in the primary winding (L.V.winding) &
(v) Core loss

9EE402.9 12
Given Data

• Supply voltage V1 = 240 V

• No-Load current I0 = 2A

• Primary resistance R1 = 0.8 Ω

• No-Load input power W0 = 60 W

9EE402.9 13
Required data

• Im = ?

• Wo = ?

• Øm = ?

9EE402.9 14
Solution

• No-Load power factor cosø0 = W0 / V1I0

= 60 ÷( 240×2)
= 0.125 lagg
ø0 = cos-1 0.125
= 82.80
• Active current Iw = I0 cosø0
= 2×0.125 A
= 0.250A

9EE402.9 15
Solution (Contd…)

• Magnetizing current Iµ = I0 sinø0

= 2 ×sin 82.80
= 1.984 A
• Copper loss in primary winding = I0 2 R1
= 2 2 × 0.8 =3.2w
= 3.2
• Core loss = (No-load losses) - (I0 2 R1 losses)
= 60 – 3.2
= 56.8 W.

9EE402.9 16
 Summary

• We have solved the numerical problems on single

Phase transformer under no-load condition .

9EE402.9 17
 Quiz

1) No load current can be split in to two components

what are they

a) Working component

b) Magnetize component

c) Both a & b

9EE402.9 18
 Frequently Asked Questions
1) A 100/200 V transformer takes 0.3 A at p.f.
of 0.2 on open circuit. Find the magnetizing
and iron loss component of No-Load primary
current. [Ans : 0.294 A, 0.06 A ]

2) A single phase transformer takes an input of 350 w

at no.load and at rated voltage of 230 V. The core loss
s 110 W. Find (i) the iron loss component of no-load
current, (ii) magnetizing component of no-load current.
[ Ans : 0.478 A , 1.442 A]

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