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WCDMA DRIVE TEST USING TEMS

&
Some Basic of WCDMA before
Drive
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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 3G & WCDMA

WHAT IS WCDMA??
WHAT IS 3G??

• 3G IS SHORT FORM OF 3RD • WIDE BAND CODE DIVISON

GENERATION. MULTIPLE ACESS.
• NEXT TO GSM BUT PRIOR • IT IS AN AIR INTERFACE
TO LTE(4G) STANDARD OR
• BUT THERE ARE MANY TECHNOLOGY FOUND IN
SUBDIVISIONAL TECHNICAL MANY 3G MOBILE
STANDARDS IN 3G TELLICOMMUNICATION
NETWORK.
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WHAT IS 3G EXACTLY??
• THE MOBILE TECHNOLOGY THAT SATISFY THE STANDARDS OF IMT-
2000 STANDARDS CALLED AS 3G

• IMT-2000 IS DEFINED BY INTERNATION TELICOMMUNICATION

UNION(ITU)

• 3G TECHNOLOGY STANDARDS ARE DEVLOPED AS A RESULT OF 3RD

GENERATION PARTNER PROJECT(3GPP).
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WHAT IS WCDMA??
• WIDE BAND CODE DIVISON MULTIPLE ACESS

• MULTIPLE ACESS IS HANDELING SEVERAL USER OR ACCESS AT A

TIME ALL TOGETHER.

• CDMA IS THE METHOD TO HANDEL SEVERAL USERS AT A TIME

WITH DIFFERENT CODES.

• JUST IMAGINETHE CODE AS PASSWORD,NOW DIFF.MOBILES ARE

GIVEN THEIR DIFFERENT PASSWORD & THEIR DATA ARE ENCRYPTED
BY THEIR PASSWORD.
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WCDMA PARAMETER
• Channel Bandwidth: 5 MHz
• Duplex Mode: FDD and TDD
• Spread Spectrum Technique: Direct Spread
• Chip Rate: 3.84 MHz
• Frame Length: 10 ms (38400 chips/sec)
• Slot Length: 15 Slots per Frame (2560 chips/slot)
• Spreading Modulation: Balanced QPSK (downlink)
• and Dual-Channel QPSK (uplink) with complex
• spreading circuit.
• Data Modulation: QPSK (downlink) and BPSK (uplink).
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WCDMA PARAMETER
• Channel Coding: Convolutional code,Turbo code, and no coding.
• Spreading Factors: 4-256 (uplink) and 4-512 (downlink).
• Modulation symbol rates vary from 960 k symbols/s to 15 k
• symbols/s (7.5 k symbols/s) for FDD uplink (downlink).
• Spreading (downlink): OVSF sequences for channel separation. Gold
sequences 218-1 for cell and user separation (truncated
• cycle: 10 ms).
• Spreading (uplink): OVSF sequences for channel separation.
• Gold sequences 2
• 25-1 for user separation (truncated cycle: 10 MS)
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3G NETWORK OVERVIEW
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CORE NETWORK COMPONENT

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DIFFERENT COMPONENT OF NETWORK

• The UE consists of two parts:
The Mobile Equipment (ME) is the radio terminal used for radio
communication over the Uu interface.

• The UMTS Subscriber Identity Module (USIM) is a

smartcard that holds the subscriber identity, performs
authentication algorithms, and stores authentication
and encryption keys and some subscription
information that is needed at the terminal
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UMTS TERRESTIAL RADIO ACESS NETWORK

UTRAN
• UTRAN consists of two distinct elements:

• The Node B:
• It converts the data flow between the Iub and Uu interfaces. It also
participates in radio resource management.

• The Radio Network Controller (RNC) :

• It owns and controls the radio resources in its domain (the Node Bs
connected to it). RNC is the serviceaccess point for all services
UTRAN provides the core network(CN)
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WHAT IS MSC & VLR??

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WHAT IS HLR & AUC?

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PACKET SWITCH NETWORK OVERVIEW

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PACKET SWITCH NETWORK COMPONENT

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PACKET SWITCH NETWORK COMPONENT

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PACKET SWITCH NETWORK COMPONENT

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PACKET SWITCH NETWORK COMPONENT

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STEPS TO PERFORM DRIVE TEST

TOOLS USED:
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STEPS BEFORE DRIVE TEST

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PARTS OF DRIVE TEST

• 1)STATIC TEST

• 2) MOBILITY TEST
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STATIC TEST
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MOBILITY TEST
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STATIC TEST
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STATIC TEST
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WINDOWS USED FOR 3G DRIVE TEST ON TEMS

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WCDMA RADIO PARAMETER

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WCDMA RADIO PARAMETER

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WCDMA RADIO PARAMETER

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SERVING /ACTIVE NBR

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SERVING /ACTIVE NBR
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Serving/Active Set + Neighbors

• Cell ID – This is the identity or name given to a particular Node B and its
cell by the operator.

• UARFCN – It is the frequency band allotted to the operator. One spectrum

bandwidth is of 5MHz in WCDMA or 3G.This window shows us the centre
frequency of the bandwidth allotted to the operator.

• Cell Name – It is the name given to particular Node B’s by the operator
generally along the lines of the name of the area the Node B is located in.

• Scrambling Code – Scrambling code is a code assigned to a particular cell.

There are 512 such codes for the network to differentiate among different
Node B’s and these codes can be repetitive. They are of two types primary
• and secondary.
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SERVING /ACTIVE NBR
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SERVING /ACTIVE NBR

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Serving/Active Set + Neighbors

• AS – This stands for Active Set. Active Set is the set of Scrambling Code
which the U.E is currently latched on and there can be a maximum of 3
Scrambling codes in Active Set.

• MN – MN Stands for monitored neighbor i.e.the neighbor cell that is

detected by the U.E as a neighbor and is also defined as a neighbor in the
network. U.E will initiate a Handover onto the monitored neighbor in case
the monitored neighbor has a stronger RSCP or EcNo than the AS.

• DN - DN stands for Detected Neighbor and as the name suggests it is the

neighbor detected by the UE but, is not defined in our network . Hence,
the U.E does not handover to the detected neighbor. It can be because of
Overshooting of a site, incomplete neighbor list or in case of a new site. It
is very important to optimize and have no DN’s as they are one
• of the major reasons of Call drops in 3G.
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RSCP
• In the UMTS cellular communication system, received signal code
power (RSCP) denotes the power measured by a receiver on a
particular physical communication channel.
• With this parameter, different cells using the same carrier can be
compared & handover or cell reselection decisions can be taken.

• CALCULATION: RSSI + Ec/No

• RANGES:

• 0 TO -65 (Excelent)
• -65 TO -75 (GOOD)
• -75 TO -85 (ACCEPTABLE)
• -85 TO -140( BAD)
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REASON FOR BAD RSCP

• 1)PILOT POLLUTION
• 2)UNDEFINED NEIGHBOUR
• 3)IMPROPER OPTIMIZATION
• 4) LOW CELL POWER
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ECNO
• CPICH Ec/No – Common Pilot channel Ec/No is the ratio of energy
of the chip and the combined power of all the signals including the
pilot itself received by the UE at that particular point. It is a very
important factor for call quality.

• FORMULA: RSCP-RSSI
• RANGES: (0 TO -7) GOOD
• (-7 TO -12) ACCEPTABLE
• (-12 TO -36) BAD
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REASON FOR POOR ECNO

• 1) Poor coverage(Bad Optimization)

• 2) Pilot Pollution
• 3)Ping pong situation
• 4)Missing Neighbors
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UTRA CARRIER RSSI

• It is the Received Signal Strength Indicator of the Mobile Station or
the U.E.
• It tells us the total Power Received by the Mobile Station from all
the Pilots including itself at that particular location
• CALCULATION: RSCP + Ec/No
• RANGES:
•
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Tx power

• As the name suggests it is the transmitting power of a Mobile

Station.
• Its value can vary from -50 to 50.
• The minimum the Tx power of the Mobile station the better it is for
call quality.
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SIR

• SIR is the Signal-to-Interference Ratio – the ratio of the energy in

dedicated physical control channel bits to the power density of
interference and noise after dispreading
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TARGET SIR

• It is the target Signal to Interference ratio that Mobile Equipment is

• supposed to achieve by increasing or decreasing its power. It is set
by the use of Power Control procedure.
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SQI(SPECH QUALITY INDEX)

• It is the speech Quality Index which is a parameter to rate the voice

Quality on that particular call.
• It ranges from 0 – 30 with 30 being the best quality.
WCDMA DOWNLINK WINDOW
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WCDMA UPLINK WINDOW
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EXTRA WINDOW
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HSPA/GSM Line Chart

• This window gives us the data speed for both 3G and 2G modes
depending on which mode the mobile equipment is.

• RLC DL Throughput – This is the total throughput on the downlink

at that particular point.

• The speed shown in this window as throughput is in Kilobits/sec.

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DIFFERENT TERMS ASSOCIATED WITH 3G DRIVE

TEST
• 1)HANDOVER

• 2)SWAP

• 3)CELL RESELECTION

• 4)IRAT

• 5)POWER CONTROL

• 6)PILOT POLLUTATION

• 7)OVERSHOOTING
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HANDOVER
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SWAP
• 1)SECTOR SWAP

• 2)CYCLIC SWAP(CLOCK & ANTI CLOCK WISE)

• 3)DIVERSITY SWAP
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CELL RESELECTION
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IRAT
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POWER CONTROL
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POWER CONTROL
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PILOT POLLUTATION
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HOW TO OVERCOME
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OVERSHOOTING
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HOW TO OVERCOME
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THANK YOU