ACTIVE VOICE

&
PASSIVE VOICE

MEMBER OF GROUP:
ABDILLAH FAJAR
GUSTI AGUNG
REZKY TRINANDA
RIAN GORDON
SAMUEL FERNANDO
STEFHANIE SONIA
 ACTIVE VOICE

An active voice is a type of a clause or sentence in

which a subject performs an action and
expresses it through its representative verb.
To simply put it, when a subject performs an
action directly, it is in active voice. It then uses
transitive verb to show the action.
S+VERBS+OBJ
EXAMPLE:
 PASSIVE VOICE

The passive voice is used when we want to emphasize

the action (the verb) and the object of a sentence
rather than subject.
This means that the subject is either less important
than the action itself or that we don’t know however,
who or what is performing the action.
The basic structure of a passive voice is a very
simple:

S+AUXILIARY VERBS+V3+BY+THE
AGENT/THE DOER
 FORM OF ACTIVE & PASSIVE
1. Simple Present Tense
→ Active
(+) S + V1 (+es/s)
(-) S + Do/Does + not +V1
(?) Do/Does + S + V1+?
→ Passive
(+) S+to be(is,am,are)+V3+by+O
(-) S+to be+not(is,am,are)+V3+by+O
(?) to be(is,am,are)+S+V3+by+O+?
: Nana cleans the bedroom every morning.
: Nana doesn’t clean the bedroom every
morning.
: Does Nana clean her room every morning?
: The bedroom is cleaned by Nana every
morning.
: The bedroom is not cleaned by Nana every
morning.
: Is the bedroom cleaned by Nana every
morning?
2. Present Continuous Tense

→ Active
(+) S + to be(is,am,are)+ Ving : She is writing a letter.
(-) S + to be(is,am,are)+ not + Ving : She is not writing a letter.
(?) to be(is,am,are)+ S + Ving+? : Is she writing a letter?

→ Passive
(+) S+to be(is,am,are)+being+V3+by+O : A letter is being written by
her.
(-) S+to be(is,am,are)+not+being+V3+by+O : A letter is not being written by
her.
(?) to be(is,am,are)+S+being+V3+by+O+? : Is the letter being written by
her?
3. Simple Past Tense

→ Active
(+) S + V2 + O : Toni ate the fried rice yesterday.
(-) S + did + not + Inf (V1) : Toni didn’t eat the fried rice yesterday.
(?) Did + S + Inf (V1)+? : Did Toni eat the fried rice yesterday?

→ Passive
(+) S+to be(was,were)+V3+by+O
(-) S+to be(was,were)+not+V3+by+O
(?) to be(was,were)+S+V3+by+O+?
: The fried rice was eaten by Toni
yesterday.
:The fried rice was not eaten by Toni
yesterday.
: Was the fried rice eaten by Toni
yesterday?
4. Past Continuous Tense

→ Active
(+) S + was/were + Ving : Father was driving a car.
(-) S + was/were + not + Ving : Father was not driving a car.
(?) Was/were + S + Ving+? : Was Father driving a car?

→ Passive
(+) S+to be(was,were)+being+V3+by+O : A car was being driven by
Father.
(-) S+to be(was,were)+not+being+V3+by+O : A car was not being driven by
Father.
(?) to be(was,were)+S+being+V3+by+O+? : Was a car being driven by
Father?
5. Future Tense

→ Active
(+) S + will + Inf (V1)+O : He will buy a motorcycle.
(-) S + will+ not + Inf (V1)+O : He will not buy a motorcycle.
(-) Will + S + Inf (V1)+O+? : Will he buy a motorcycle?

→ Passive
(+) S+will+be+V3+by+O : A motorcycle will be bought by him.
(-) S+will+not+be+V3+by+O : A motorcycle will not be bought by him.
(?) will+S+be+V3+by+O+? : Will a motorcycle be bought by him?
6. Present Perfect Tense

→ Active
(+) S + have/has + V3+O : She has finished her work.
(-) S + have/has + not + V3+O : She has not finished her work.
(?) Have/has + S + V3+O+? : Has she finished her work?

→ Passive
(+) S+have/has+been+V3+by+O : Her work has been finished by her.
(-) S+have/has+not+been+V3+by+O : Her work has not been finished by her.
(?) have/has+S+been+V3+by+O+? : Has her work been finished by her?
7. Future Perfect Tense
→ Active
(+) S + will + have + V3
(-) S + will + have + not + V3
(?) Will + S + have + V3+?
→ Passive
(+) S+will+have+been+V3+by+O
(-) S+will+have+not+been+V3+by+O
(?) will+have+S+been+V3+by+O+?
: You will have started the job.
: You will have not started the job.
: Will you have started the job?
: The job will have been started by you.
: The job will have not been started by
you.
: Will have the job been started by you?
8. Past Perfect Tense

→ Active
(+) S + had + V3 + O : They had completed the assignment.
(-) S + had + not + O : They had not completed the assignment.
(?) Had + S + V3 + O +? : Had they completed the assignment?

→ Passive
(+) S + had + been + V3 + by +O
(-) S + had + not + been + by + O
(?) Had + S + been + by + O +?
: The assignment had been completed by
them.
: The assignment had not been completed by
them.
: Had the assignment been completed by
them?