WHAT KIND OF CITIZENS WE

WANT TO HAVE?
TYPOLOGY OF CITIZENS
WESTHEIMER AND KAHNE, 2004
(WHAT KIND OF CITIZEN DO WE NEED TO SUPPORT AN EFFECTIVE DEMOCRATIC
SOCIETY?)

PERSONALLY PARTICIPATORY CITIZEN JUSTICE ORIENTED

RESPONSIBLE CITIZEN CITIZEN
Why social problems Due to lack of Because of citizens’ Because of citizens’
arise? discipline and lack of knowledge lack of knowledge
character among and time to and analysis about
citizens participate in solving society and factors
such problems that create its
problems
TYPOLOGY OF CITIZENS
WESTHEIMER AND KAHNE, 2004
(WHAT KIND OF CITIZEN DO WE NEED TO SUPPORT AN EFFECTIVE DEMOCRATIC
SOCIETY?)

PERSONALLY PARTICIPATORY CITIZEN JUSTICE ORIENTED

RESPONSIBLE CITIZEN CITIZEN
How to solve social Citizens must have good Citizens must be aware Citizens must question,
character and being law- and participate on debate and challenge
problems and
abiding members of the procedures in societal and public
improve society? community government and other inequalities and injustices
institutions
(Community-Based
Organizations, Churches)
TYPOLOGY OF CITIZENS
WESTHEIMER AND KAHNE, 2004
(WHAT KIND OF CITIZEN DO WE NEED TO SUPPORT AN EFFECTIVE DEMOCRATIC
SOCIETY?)

PERSONALLY PARTICIPATORY CITIZEN JUSTICE ORIENTED

RESPONSIBLE CITIZEN CITIZEN
Examples - Acts and behaves - Knows and participates - Joining social
responsibly in the in law- and policy- movements
community making processes - Joining rallies/ protests
- Pays taxes and obeys - Active member of
laws community organization
- Giving donations/ - Organizes community
pledges projects
- Emergency volunteering
TYPOLOGY OF CITIZENS
WESTHEIMER AND KAHNE, 2004
(WHAT KIND OF CITIZEN DO WE NEED TO SUPPORT AN EFFECTIVE DEMOCRATIC
SOCIETY?)

PERSONALLY PARTICIPATORY CITIZEN JUSTICE ORIENTED

RESPONSIBLE CITIZEN CITIZEN
How social change Social change starts Social change starts Social change starts
starts? within ourselves with participating in through awareness
(Personality/ civic life and fighting
Character) (government and inequality and
community) injustices
TYPOLOGY OF CITIZENS
WESTHEIMER AND KAHNE, 2004
(WHAT KIND OF CITIZEN DO WE NEED TO SUPPORT AN EFFECTIVE DEMOCRATIC
SOCIETY?)

PERSONALLY PARTICIPATORY CITIZEN JUSTICE ORIENTED

RESPONSIBLE CITIZEN CITIZEN
Social Problem Practice sense of Participate/ crafting Critiquing and
Example: respect and resolutions or laws Exposing
LGBT Discrimination politeness that protects LGBT Stereotypes and
regardless of gender Homophobia that
or sexual orientation plagues the LGBT
community
TYPOLOGY OF CITIZENS
WESTHEIMER AND KAHNE, 2004
(WHAT KIND OF CITIZEN DO WE NEED TO SUPPORT AN EFFECTIVE DEMOCRATIC
SOCIETY?)
PERSONALLY
RESPONSIBLE CITIZEN
Character is just another
term for “good person.” A
person of character lives a
worthy life guided by moral
principles. A person of
character is a good parent, a
good friend, a good
employee and a good
citizen. – Michael Josephson
PARTICIPATORY CITIZEN JUSTICE ORIENTED
CITIZEN
Government of the “We must always take
people, by the people, sides. Neutrality helps
the oppressor, never the
for the people, shall
not perish from the victim. Silence
encourages the
Earth.
tormentor, never the
-Abraham Lincoln tormented.”
-Elie Wiesel
TYPOLOGY OF CITIZENS
WESTHEIMER AND KAHNE, 2004
(WHAT KIND OF CITIZEN DO WE NEED TO SUPPORT AN EFFECTIVE DEMOCRATIC
SOCIETY?)

PERSONALLY PARTICIPATORY CITIZEN JUSTICE ORIENTED

RESPONSIBLE CITIZEN CITIZEN
Why political Lack of sense of Lack of citizens’ Citizens does not
problems arise? responsibility and participation in know (or recognize)
good citizenship government factors in
processes government that
perpetuate
injustices
TYPOLOGY OF CITIZENS
WESTHEIMER AND KAHNE, 2004
(WHAT KIND OF CITIZEN DO WE NEED TO SUPPORT AN EFFECTIVE DEMOCRATIC
SOCIETY?)

PERSONALLY PARTICIPATORY CITIZEN JUSTICE ORIENTED

RESPONSIBLE CITIZEN CITIZEN
TYPOLOGY OF CITIZENS
WESTHEIMER AND KAHNE, 2004
(WHAT KIND OF CITIZEN DO WE NEED TO SUPPORT AN EFFECTIVE DEMOCRATIC
SOCIETY?)

PERSONALLY PARTICIPATORY CITIZEN JUSTICE ORIENTED

RESPONSIBLE CITIZEN CITIZEN