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PROGRAM PASCASARJANA
UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA
2010
Metode penelitian eksperimen
Eksperimen:
Research in which the independent variable ( one or more
variables) is manipulated to investigate a cause- and –
effect relationships between it (independent variable) and
the dependent variable
Variabel :
efek pengaruh
Independent (X) Dependent (Y)
(satu atau lebih) (satu atau lebih)
- Variabel eksperimen - Variabel dependent
- Variabel treatment
- Intervention
• Experiment as a test or series of test in which
purposeful changes are made to the input
variables of a process or system so that we
may observe and identify the reasons for
changes that may be observed in the output
response
Controllable factors
Uncontrollable factor
Karakteristik Penelitian Eksperimen
1. Disain eksperimen dibangun atas dasar
kajian teoretik
(Theory-driven research hypothesis)
2. Ekuivalensi subjek secara statistik pada aspek
intervensi, melakukan kontrol dan komparasi
kelompok (dilakukan secara random
assignment)
3. Peneliti melakukan kontrol intervensi –intervensi
secara independen dan sama seragam terhadap
seluruh subjek yang dikenai eksperimen
4. Mengukur setiap variabel dependent/hasil
eksperimen
5. Menggunakan Statistika Inferensial
6. Melakukan kontrol secara cermat terhadap
kondisi-kondisi dan variabel-variabel yang
diduga mempengaruhi hasil eksperimen
(extraneous variables)
CONTOH
RATA-RATA
Y11 Y 12 Y13 Y1.
RENDAH (R) Y 211 Y 221 Y 231
Y212 Y222 Y232
. . .
Y21N Y22N Y23N
RATA-RATA
Y21 Y 22 Y23 Y2.
i =1,2, …, a
j = 1,2,…, b
k = 1,2,…, r
MAIN EFFECT
MODEL PELATIHAN
CONTOH CONTOH RATA-RATA HASIL EKSPERIMEN
35
30
KOMITMEN
25
20
15 TINGGI
RENDAH
10
M N P
MODEL PELATIHAN
CONTOH LAIN
40
50
TINGGI TINGGI
30 40
RENDAH RENDAH
30
20
20
10 10
0
0
MODEL PELATIHAN
DEFINISI INTERAKSI
Populasi
Random selection
Sampel
Random assignment
Treatment Control
PENJELASAN
SAMPLE
CONTOH
GROUP A GROUP B
TREATMENT 1 TREATMENT 2
MEAN 1 MEAN 2
2. Control over extraneous variables
- Extraneous variable : In experiments, any aspect of the
situation, other than the treatment variable, that can
influence the dependent variable
Kontrol dengan :
- random assignment
- pretests
- covariates (are variables that the
researcher control for using statistics and
that relate to dependent variable but not
relate to the independent variable)
- matching of participants
- homogeneous samples
Penjelasan covariate
No covariate
Independent Dependent
variable variable
Covariate
Introduced
Dependent
Independent Variable (Y):
Variable (X): Kinerja Covariate:
Model Pretest
Pelatihan