Hispanic American Population

ASHLEY DOHR, KYLIE WONG, LEXI RAIM &

MADDY CROUCH
 Definition: Hispanic Americans

 Definition: a person who lives in the US but whose

family originally came from Spain or another
Spanish-speaking country, especially a country in
Latin America
 (Cambridge Dictonary, 2018)
 Demographics of Hispanic Americans

 As of July 2016:
 57.5 million people (17.8%) of the nations
population are Hispanic Americans
 And, of these 57.5 million, 48% are married

 States with 1 million + Hispanic American

residents:
 AZ, CA, CO, FL, IL, NJ, NM, NY, TX
 (United States Census Bureau, 2017)
 Demographics of Hispanic Americans

 2016 percentages of various sub-types of HA living in

the US:
 Mexican: 67.9%
 Puerto Rican: 10.1%
 Salvadoran: 4.0%
 Cuban: 3.9%
 Dominican: 3.4%
 Guatemalan: 2.6%
 Other: 8.0%
 (Velasco-Mondragon, et al., 2016)
 Social Determinants of Health

 Education
 Hispanic Americans experience segregation in neighborhoods and
schools
 This negatively impacts the population ability to have equal
access/opportunity for education
 Language barriers
 Hispanic American children in public schools may have a more
difficult time with understanding/comprehension of what is being
taught
 Poor education impact on health
 Having a higher education allows for: more knowledge about health,
increased problem solving/coping skills and better informed choices
concerning health (increased health literacy)
 (Cianelli & Villegas, 2016)
 Social Determinants of Health

 Neighborhood & Built Environment

 Majority of US Hispanics live in metropolitan areas, 28.3% live
near high-trafficked areas
 Living in these areas can cause chronic, respiratory, cardiovascular
illnesses, and complications in pregnant women
 Hispanic Americans are more likely to live in areas of high
pollution
Living in these areas can cause increase in hospitalization for
diabetes
 (Velasco-Mondragon, et al., 2016)
 Health Disparity of Hispanic Americans

 Increased HIV rates in Hispanic Americans

 Financial Constraints
 In women that are less educated, unemployed, and/or financially
disadvantaged have a more difficulty discussing condom/safe sex
practices with their partners
 Hispanic Culture
 Typically practice Catholicism, this can decrease the use of
condoms, getting HIV testing and/or early treatment
 Substance Abuse
Decreased judgment and increase in potentially risk behavior
 (Velasco-Mondragon, et al., 2016)
Health Care Disparity of Hispanic Americans

 Hispanic Americans are underrepresented in the health care

field
 Minority providers are more likely to provide more effective care to
patients of their same ethnic group
 But, only 5% of physicians in the nation are Hispanic
 This low percentage can lead to decreased care, efficacy, and ability to
understand (lack of native speaking, interpreters)
 Can lead to decreased health screening and follow up care, and increased
economic and cultural barriers to health care
 Hispanic patients with language-discordant physicians are more likely
to:
Miss office appointments
 Not take medication
 And visit the ED over their PCP
 (Bentacourt, Green, Emilio Carrillo, Ananeh-Firempong, 2018)
 (Velasco-Mondragon, et al., 2016)
 Nursing Intervention

 Surveillance and Prevention efforts

 Focus on prevention efforts and focus to provide resources to
the populations/geographic areas in the greatest need
 Demonstration projects that identify active transmission of
HIV and begin interventions for the population that include:
Identification, assessment of transmission/risk networks, HIV
testing, and early treatment
 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018)
 References

 Betancourt, J. R., Green, A. R., Emilio Carrillo, J., &

Ananeh-Firempong, O. (2003). Defining cultural
competence: A practical framework for addressing
racial/ethnic disparities in health and health care. Public
Health Reports, 118(4), 293–302.
 Cambridge Dictionary. (2018). Hispanic-American.
Retrieved from
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/hi
spanic-american
 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018). HIV
and Hispanics/Latinos. Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/group/racialethnic/hispaniclatin
os/index.html
 References (continued)

 Cianelli, R., & Villegas, N. (2016). Social determinants

of health for HIV among Hispanic women. Hispanic
Health Care International: The Official Journal of the
National Association of Hispanic Nurses, 14(1), 4-9.
 Facts for Features: Hispanic Heritage Month 2017. (2017,
August). Retrieved from
https://www.census.gov/newsroom/facts-for-
features/2017/hispanic-heritage.html
 Velasco-Mondragon, E. et al. (2016). Hispanic health in the
USA: A scoping review of the literature. Public Health
Reviews. 37(31). 1-27, doi:10.1186/s40985-016-0043-2