EKB 4293 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE

CHEMICAL PROCESS
12 PRINCIPLES OF GREEN CHEMISTRY
PRINCIPLE 11 : REAL TIME ANALYSIS FOR POLLUTION PREVENTION

PRESENTED BY:
ANUSSIA SURESH (1103152013)
LEE WEN QIAN (1106152003)
RUDREISH BALACHANDRAN (1103152018)
VON SENG YONG (1103152014)
PRINCIPLE 11 : REAL TIME ANALYSIS FOR
POLLUTION PREVENTION
• Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the
use and generation of hazardous substances.

• ELEVEN PRINCIPLE : REAL TIME ANALYSIS FOR POLLUTION PREVENTION

– Analytical methodologies need to be further developed to allow for real time, in-process
monitoring and control prior to the formation of hazardous substances.
CASE #1 :
 BEFORE REAL-TIME ANALYTICS OF POLLUTION
PREVENTION
 If we now look at a similar exothermic reaction at an increased
scale (kilograms), even a small increase in the solution’s
temperature poses a much greater problem.
 The reaction rate increases at higher temperatures, further
increasing the temperature as the reaction proceeds, and
hence a rapid increase in the reaction rate. This is called a
thermal runaway.
 At this point it’s nearly impossible to stop the cycle and can result
in an explosion. One of the most notable examples is the Texas
City disaster in 1947,3 in which a cargo ship containing more than
2000 tons of ammonium nitrate detonated, initiating a chain-
reaction of additional fires and explosions in other nearby ships,
killing more than 400 people.
METHOD #1
 Pittsburg consistently ranks among the most polluted American cities
across multiple measures of air pollution, according to the American
Lung Association. Recognizing that air quality is a key component of
livability, a coalition of public, private, and nonprofit organizations
came together to launch The Breathe Project. The Breathe Project
aims to raise awareness about Pittsburgh’s pollution problems and
empower residents to mobilize for enforcement. The primary tool for
engagement is the Breathe Cam: four panoramic cameras that
provide almost real-time views of Pittsburgh. Citizens can use the
Breathe Cam to zoom-in on specific sources of emissions, use
computer vision to quantify the amount of pollution being emitted,
make recordings of pollution events, and scroll back and forward in
time to compare visibility and identify repeat polluters.
METHOD #2
 The City of Chicago has begun a major effort that will test the limits of
big data and urban sensor networks. Since the summer of 2014, the
city has worked with the Argonne National Laboratory and the
Chicago Department of Innovation and Technology to deploy the
Array of Things—a citywide network of lamppost-mounted sensors with
an important air quality component. The sensors will measure
environmental factors such as light, vibration, and temperature,
allowing the city to develop a data-rich map of granular conditions
on the ground. The sensors will also measure important air quality
components, including carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide, with
plans to implement tracking for more pollutants in the future, including
volatile organic compounds, ozone, and particulate matter.
METHOD #3
 A program called AIR Louisville, launched in 2012, uses GPS devices embedded in
inhalers to collect data on where and when people with asthma are particularly
affected.
 Using the datapoints collected over the 13 months of the initial phase, Propeller
Health and Louisville are now conducting analysis to identify hotspots—clusters of
inhaler use, indicating areas with particularly bad air quality—and other patterns in
the data, which will inform policy. In addition to helping the city target its air quality
programs, Asthmapolis also serves the individual users, providing personalized
analysis of inhaler use to participants and their doctors.
 Although the program is still in its early stages, if it expands, Louisville will be able to
address air quality issues.
CONCLUSION

• This method has been proven it is reliable as shown in the slides

previously
• This method has decreased the rate of pollution as it can be
monitored and stopped before getting out of control.
• This method is also helpful in reducing the formation of hazardous
chemicals by real-time monitoring the chemical process.