Generative Topic: Starting small…make it BIG!

Elements

Atoms Molecules

Organisms …
Macromolecules
Systems
Cell
Organelles
Organs Tissues
Cells
Cells under the Microscope

http://www.brynmawr.edu/biology/franklin/genome_intro.html
Cell surface Cell Wall
membrane
 1.2 How did the first cells look
like?
• Robert Hooke
 Cell Resume
• Imagine that you are Mr/Ms _________.
• You are trying to apply for a job at the
R&D centre – Biopolis.
• You need to create a resume about
yourself.
• Submission of the application, by 5pm.
 The Cell Story – NAS Style
• Choose an ICT expert from your group.
• Take as many pictures of the process your
group undergo while creating your own NASian
Cell. You can make use of your camera phones!
• Your pictures can be from various angles.
• After you have gathered all the pictures, using
either Windows Photo Story 3, Windows
Movie Maker or MS Powerpoint piece your
pictures into a meaningful story of the Cell.
 The Cell Story – NAS Style
• The story should include introducing the
parts of the cell.
• Your group’s reasons in choosing the
items to represent the parts of the cell.
• You can create your own flashcards and
take pictures of it.
• Upload your photo story into the Grou.ps
site.
 The Cell Story – NAS Style
• Deadline for submission: 27 Sep 2010
• Marks allocated for the group project:
15 marks
• More details about the submission will be
made available in Grou.ps by Thursday.
 Diagram of a typical animal cell

Vacuole
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm

Nucleus
 Diagram of a typical plant cell
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Tonoplast

Nucleus

Large central
vacuole

Cytoplasm

Chloroplast
 Differences
Animal & Plant cell
Plant cell Animal cell
Cell wall Present Absent
Chloroplast Present Absent
Shape Regular Irregular

No. : One / Few Numerous

Vacuole Size: Big Small
Location: central everywhere
 Quick Review
CELL
consists of

Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell surface membrane

which which which
controls cell activities surrounds the nucleus and is where is the selectively permeable,
and contains most cell activities occur outer covering enclosing the
contains organelles
cytoplasm
Chromosomes
(made up of DNA) Mitochondria Ribosomes

Golgi apparatus Vacuoles

Chloroplasts (in plant cells)

Endoplasmic reticulum
Centrioles (in animal cells)
 Plasma membrane & Cytoplasm

• Cytoplasm is a substance which is

– colourless
– jelly-like / glue-like
– Water containing
• It is surrounded by the plasma membrane
which is selectively permeable.
• Organelles embedded within:
– Nucleus
– Ribosomes
– Mitrochondria

A typical Cell
 Nucleus
• A place which keeps all the important
documents - housed the genetic
material called DNA

• Contain instructions to make proteins.

• Instructions can be communicated to

cytoplasm through chemical
messengers (e.g. letters / email /
photocopy documents)

A typical Cell
 Ribosomes
• Makes proteins from
amino acids

• 20 different types of amino

acids in human

• Different arrangements or Different amino acids

amino acids give rise to

different proteins

A typical Cell
 Mitochondria
• Gives off energy by

– Breakdown of sugars
from the food we eat
to give
– Energy + CO2 +
water
– A process called
respiration

A typical Cell
 Vacuoles

• A storage area where things are kept temporarily.

May contain solution of dissolved
– amino acids
– Sugars
– Water
• Guarded by plasma membrane

A typical Cell
 Lysosomes
• Contains substances called
digestive enzymes to

– breakdown old parts of cell

e.g. ribosomes

– Recycle products e.g.

• chop up the proteins back into
amino acids
• Chop up the carbohydrates into
sugars

A typical Cell
 Cell Wall
-Made of cellulose (a carbohydrate)

-Is strong / tough :

-give cell its shape
-Plants remains upright

-Totally permeable

A typical Cell
 Chloroplasts
Converts
-Energy from the sun
-Carbon dioxide
-Water

Into Food - Sugars

Photosynthesis

A typical Cell
 Think about this…
Is the Classroom – a typical cell?
-Walls Plasma Membrane

-Air / wind Cytoplasm

-Teacher Nucleus

-Students Ribosomes

-Electrical switches Mitochondria

-Shelves Vacuole

A typical Cell
Let’s take a look…