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NUMBERS
If you were asked to count, the numbers you’d
say are called counting numbers. These
numbers can be expressed using set notation.
If we include 0 we have
the set of whole numbers. {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, . . . }
integers
whole numbers
counting This means to
numbers divide one integer
by another or
“make a fraction”
rational numbers
integers
irrational
whole numbers
numbers
counting
numbers
2
BIMDAS
complete
complete
indices –addition
brackets andindice
– combine
multiplication
apply the subtraction,
these first left
and division,
now lefttotoright
right
2223842510
22
6342 4
33 22
4
4
23 5 3 2 4
2
BIMDAS
BIMDAS
COMMUTATIVE PROPERTY
The operations of both addition and multiplication are commutative
ab ba 3 2 2 3
When adding, you can “commute” or trade the terms places
ab b a 3 2 2 3
When multiplying, you can “commute” or trade the factors places
ASSOCIATIVE PROPERTY
The operations of both addition and multiplication are associative
a b c a b c
1 2 3 1 2 3
When adding, you can “associate” and add any terms first and
then add the other term.
a b c a b c
2 3 4 2 3 4
When multiplying, you can “associate” and multiply any factors
first and then multiply the other factor.
DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY
The operation of multiplication distributes over addition
ab c ab ac
32 4 3 2 3 4
The distributive property also holds for a factor that is multiplied
on the left.
b ca b a c a
3 42 3 2 4 2
CAUTION: Remember that the value for a
and/or b could also be positive or negative.
a a a a a
The negative
POSITIVE b b b
of a negative A negative NEGATIVE
A positive
divided by a divided by a
a a negative or positive is
A negative
b b
divided by a
negative is POSITIVE
Acknowledgement
I wish to thank Shawna Haider from Salt Lake Community College, Utah
USA for her hard work in creating this PowerPoint.
www.slcc.edu
Stephen Corcoran
Head of Mathematics
St Stephen’s School – Carramar
www.ststephens.wa.edu.au