Grup II

A synthesis gas containing CO, H2 and a neglected amount of CH4 with a

CO/H2 ratio of 1/2.9 is to be converted to methane via the reaction
CO + 3H2  CH4 + H2O
Using recycle system shown below. The reactor is operated at a
temperature of 1000oF. The final product stream contains 50% CH4 and
12% CO. A coller cools the reactor effluent stream to 500oF. The
separator result in a recycle gas stream containing 1% H2O and pure
liquid water stream, both at 100oF. Both, the feed and the product
streams are at 200oF. For a methane production rate of 100 lbmol/h.
 Mixer
<1> <2> <3> <4>
REACTOR

HE
<9>

<5>

<8> <7> <6>

SEPARATOR
Splitter
1. Molar flow rate and composition of stream <1>, <6>, and <8>
a. Show the system
Mixer
<1> <2> <3> <4>
REACTOR

HE
<9>

<5>

<8> <7> <6>

SEPARATOR
Splitter
b. Prove number of unknown equal to number of independent equations
CO : a % CO : 12 %
H2 : 100-a % H2 : b %
<1> = ? Lbmol/h <6> = 2 x mCH4
CH4 : 0 % CH4 : 50 % = 2 x 100 lbmol/h
H2O : 0 % H2O : 38-b % = 200 lbmol/h

CO : 0 % CH4 : 0 %
H2 : 0 % H2O : 100 %

<8> = ? Lbmol/h
Unknown : <1>, <1>CO, <6>H2, <8>
Independent Equation :
H2 : <1>H2 – reactH2 = <6>H2 + <8>H2 … (1)
H2O : <1>H2O + genH2O = <6>H2O + <8>H2O … (2) 𝐶𝑂 1
= … (4)
𝐻2 2,9
CO : <1>CO - reactCO = <6>CO + <8>CO … (3)
c. Solve
• Mengubah mol rasio ke mol fraksi menggunakan pers. 4
1
XCO = = 0,256 a = 25,6%
2,9+1
XH2 = 1- XCO = 1 – 0,256 = 0,744 100-a = 74,4%

Pers. Reaksi CO + 3H2 ---> CH4 + H2O

M

R 100 300 100 100

reactco reactH2 genH2O

S
 • Menghitung nilai <1> dari Pers. 3
CH4 : 0,256 . <1> - reactCO = 0,12 . 200 + 0 . <8>
0,256 . <1> - 100 = 24 + 0
<1> = 484,375 lbmol/h

• Menghitung nilai b dari Pers. 1

H2 : 0,744 . <1> – reactH2 = b . <6> + 0 . <8>
360,375 – 300 = b . 200 + 0
b = 0,302 (30,2%)
<6>H2O = (0,38 – b).200 = (0,38 – 0,302).200
= 0,078.200
= 15,6 lbmol/h (7,8% H2O at <6>)
• Menghitung nilai <8> dari Pers. 2
H2O : 0 . <1> + genH2O = <6>H2O + 1 . <8>
0 + 100 = 15,6 + <8>
<8> = 84,4 lbmol/h
2. Molar flow rate and composition of stream <5>, <7>, and <9>
a. Show the system
Mixer
<1> <2> <3> <4>
REACTOR

HE
<9>

<5>

<8> <7> <6>

SEPARATOR
Splitter
b. Prove number of unknown equal to number of independent equations
CO : 12 % CO : c %
H2 : 30,2% H2 : d %
<5> = ? Lbmol/h <9> = ? Lbmol/h
CH4 : 50 % CH4 : 99-c-d %
H2O : 7,8 % H2O : 1 %

CO : 0 % CO : 12 %
H2 : 0 % H2 : 30,2 %
CH4 : 0 % CH4 : 50 %
H2O : 100 % H2O : 7,8 %
<8> = 84,4 Lbmol/h <6> = 200 Lbmol/h
Unknown : <5>, <9>CO, <9>H2, <9>
Independent Equation :
H2 : <5>H2 = <6>H2 + <9>H2 + <8>H2 … (5)
H2O : <5>H2O = <6>H2O + <9>H2O + <8>H2O … (6)
CO : <5>CO = <6>CO + <9>CO + <8>CO … (7)
CH4 : <5>CH4 = <6>CH4 + <9>CH4 + <8>CH4 … (8)
 • Menghitung nilai <5> dari Pers. 6
c. Solve
H2O : 0,078 . <5> = 0,078 . 200 + 0,01 . <9> + 84,4
<5> = 1282,051 + 0,128 <9> … (9)

• Menghitung nilai d dari Pers. 5 • Menghitung nilai c dari Pers. 7

H2 : 0,302 . <5> = 0,302 . 200 + d . <9> + 0 CO : 0,12 . <5> = 0,12 . 200 + c . <9> + 0
𝑑 𝑐
<5> = 200 + <9> … (10) <5> = 200 + <9> … (11)
0,302 0,12

• Hubungan c dan d • Substitusi pers. 9 dan 12

𝑐 𝑑
200 + <9> = 200 + <9> 0,922 <5> = 0,922.200 + 0,99 <9>
0,12 0,302
d = 2,516 c <5> = 200 + 1,074<9>
• Eliminasi pers. 8 dan 11 1282,051 + 0,128 <9> = 200 + 1,074 <9>
0,5.<5> = 0,5.200 + (0,99-3,516c) <9> + 0 1082,051
<9>= = 1143,817 lbmol/h
0,422.<5> = 0,422.200 + 3,516c.<9> + 0 𝑜,946

0,922 <5> = 0,922.200 + 0,99 <9> … (12) <5> = 1428,460 lbmol/h

• Substitusi nilai <5> dan <9> pada persamaan 10 dan 11
𝑑
<5> = 200 + <9>
0,302
𝑑
1428,460 = 200 + 1143,817
0,302
d = 0,324 (32,4%)
c = 0,129 (12,9%)
3. The temperature of stream <10>
a. Show the system
Mixer
<1> <2> <3> <4>
REACTOR

HE
<9>

<5>

<8> <7> <6>

SEPARATOR
Splitter
 b. Solve
CO : 12 % CO : 12 %
H2 : 30,2% H2 : 30,2 %
CH4 : 50 % CH4 : 50 %
<4> = 1428,460 Lbmol/h H2O : 7,8 % H2O : 7,8 % <5> = 1428,460 Lbmol/h
T<4> = 500oF = 260oC T<5> = 200oF = 93,3 oC

T<9> =100oF = 37,7oC T<10> = ? oF

<9> = 1143,817 Lbmol/h CO : 12,9 % CO : 12,9 % <10> = 1143,817 Lbmol/h
H2 : 32,4 % H2 : 32,4 %
CH4 : 53,7 % CH4 : 53,7 %
H2O : 1 % H2O : 1 %
• Menghitung gmol komponen <4> dan <5> • Menghitung gmol komponen <9> dan <10>
453,592 𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙 453,592 𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
CO = 0,12.1428,460. = 77.752,632 gmol CO = 0,129.1143,817. = 66.928,585 gmol
1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙
453,592 𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙 453,592 𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
H2 = 0,302. 1428,460. = 195.677,285 gmol H2 = 0,324. 1143,817. = 168.099,702 gmol
1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙
453,592 𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙 453,592 𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
CH4 = 0,5. 1428,460. = 323.969,014 gmol CH4 = 0,537. 1143,817. = 278.609,691 gmol
1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙
453,592 𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙 453,592 𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
H2O = 0,078. 1428,460. = 50.539,166 gmol H2O = 0,01. 1143,817. = 5.188,262 gmol
1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙
Persamaan Energi
∆𝐻4 + ∆𝐻9 = ∆𝐻10 + ∆𝐻5
𝑛4 . 𝐶𝑝 . 𝑇<4> − 𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓 + 𝑛9 . 𝐶𝑝 . 𝑇<9> − 𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓 = 𝑛10 . 𝐶𝑝 . 𝑇<10> − 𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓 + 𝑛5 . 𝐶𝑝 . 𝑇<5> − 𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓

• Menghitung ∆𝐻4
App. E diperoleh aCO = 28,95 (oC) for gas
aH2 = 28,84 (oC) for gas
aCH4 = 34,31 (oC) for gas
aH2O = 18,2964 (K) for liquid
= 33,46 (oC) for gas
∆𝐻4 = (260-0) [77752,632. 28,95 + 195677,285. 28,84 + 323969,014. 34,31] + [(260-100).50539,166. 33,46] +
[40,65.103. 50539,166] + [(100-0). 50539,166. 18,2964]
∆𝐻4 = 4.961.518.250 + 270.566.479,1 + 2.054.417.098 + 92.468.479,68 J = 7.378.970.307 J

• Menghitung ∆𝐻9
∆𝐻9 = (37,7-0) [66928,585. 28,95 + 168099,702. 28,84 + 278609,691. 34,31 + 5188,262. 18,2964]
∆𝐻9 = 619.773.031,5 J
• Menghitung ∆𝐻5
∆𝐻5 = (93,3-0) [77752,632. 28,95 + 195677,285. 28,84 + 323969,014. 34,31 + 50539,166. 18,2964]
∆𝐻5 = 1.859.873.293 J

Persamaan Energi
∆𝐻4 + ∆𝐻9 = ∆𝐻10 + ∆𝐻5
7.378.970.307 + 619.773.031,5 = ∆𝐻10 + 1.859.873.293
∆𝐻10 = 6.138.870.045 J

• Menghitung ∆𝐻4
∆𝐻10 = (T<10>-0) [66928,585. 28,95 + 168099,702. 28,84 + 278609,691. 34,31] +
[(T<10>-100).5188,262. 33,46] + [40,65.103. 5188,262] + [(100-0).5188,262. 18,2964]
∆𝐻10 = 16.344.676 T<10> + 173.599,247 T<10> - 17359924,7 + 210902850 + 9492651,686
6.138.870.045 J = 203.035.577 + 16.518.275,25T<10>
T<10> = 359,350 oC
4. Molar flow rate, composition and temperature of stream <2>
a. Show the system
Mixer
<1> <2> <3> <4>
REACTOR

HE
<9>

<5>

<8> <7> <6>

SEPARATOR
Splitter
 b. Solve
CO : 25,6 % CO : p %
T<4> = 200oF = 93,3 oC H2 : 74,4% H2 : q %
<2> = ? Lbmol/h
<1> = 484,375 Lbmol/h CH : 0 % CH4 : r %
4
H2O : 0 % H2O : 1-p-q-r %

CO : 12,9 %
H2 : 32,4 %
T<4> = 678,83oF = 359,350 oC
CH4 : 53,7 %
H2O : 1 %
<10> = 1143,817 Lbmol/h

H2 : <2>H2 = <1>H2 + <10>H2 … (13)

H2O : <2>H2O = <1>H2O + <10>H2O … (14)
CO : <2>CO = <1>CO + <10>CO … (15)
CH4 : <2>CH4 = <1>CH4 + <10>CH4 … (16)
H2 : <2>H2 = <1>H2 + <10>H2 … (13) <2> = <2>H2 + <2>CO + <2>CH4 + <2>H2O
= 0,744 . 484,375 + 0,324 . 1143,817 = 730,972 + 271,552 + 614,230 + 11,438
= 730,972 lbmol/h = 1628,192 lbmol/h
CO : <2>CO = <1>CO + <10>CO … (15)
<2>H2 730,972
= 0,256 . 484,375 + 0,129 . 1143,817 XH2 <2> = = = 0,449 (44,9%)
<2> 1628,192
= 271,552 lbmol/h <2>CO 271,552
XCO <2> = = = 0,167 (16,7%)
<2> 1628,192
CH4 : <2>CH4 = <1>CH4 + <10>CH4 … (16) <2>CH4 614,230
= 0 . 484,375 + 0,537 . 1143,817 XCH4 <2> = = = 0,377 (37,7%)
<2> 1628,192
= 614,230 lbmol/h <2>H2O 11,438
XH2O <2> = = = 0,007 (0,7%)
<2> 1628,192
H2O : <2>H2O = <1>H2O + <10>H2O … (14)
= 0. 484,375 + 0,01 . 1143,817
= 11,438 lbmol/h
Persamaan Energi
∆𝐻1 + ∆𝐻10 = ∆𝐻2
𝑛1 . 𝐶𝑝 . 𝑇<1> − 𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓 + 𝑛10 . 𝐶𝑝 . 𝑇<10> − 𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓 = 𝑛2 . 𝐶𝑝 . 𝑇<2> − 𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓

• Menghitung ∆𝐻1
∆𝐻1 = (93,3-0) [124. 28,95 + 360,375. 28,84 + 0. 34,31 + 0. 18,2964]
∆𝐻1 = 1.304.615 J
• Menghitung ∆𝐻10
∆𝐻10 = (359,350-0) [147,552. 28,95 + 370,597. 28,84 + 614,230. 34,31] + [(359,350-100) 11,438. 33,46] +
[40,65.103. 11,438] + [(100-0). 11,438 .18,2964]
∆𝐻10 = 12948587,94 + 99257,260 + 464954,7 + 20927,422 = 13.533.727,32 J
Persamaan Energi
∆𝐻1 + ∆𝐻10 = ∆𝐻2
∆𝐻2 = 1.304.615 + 13.533.727,32
∆𝐻2 = 14.838.342,32 J
• Menghitung ∆𝐻2
∆𝐻2 = (T<2> -0) [271,552. 28,95 + 730,972. 28,84 + 614,230 . 34,31] + [(T<2> -100) 11,438. 33,46] +
[40,65.103. 11,438] + [(100-0). 11,438 .18,2964]
∆𝐻2 = 50016,894T<2> + 382,715 T<2> - 38371,548 + 464954,7 + 20927,422
14.838.342,32 J = 50399,609 T<2> + 447510,574
T<2> = 285,535 oC = 545,963 oF
5. Heat must be added or removed from the
reactor
Mixer
<1> <2> <3> <4>
REACTOR

HE
<9>

<5>

<8> <7> <6>

SEPARATOR
Splitter
 CO : 16,7% CO : 12 %
o o
T<2> = 285,535 C = 545,963 F H2 : 44,9% H2 : 30,2%
<3> = 1428,460 Lbmol/h
<2> = 1628,192 Lbmol/h CH4 : 50 % T<3> = 1000oF = 537,7oC
CH4 : 37,7% H2O : 7,8 %
H2O : 0,7%

Asumsi bahwa reaksi reaksi tidak menghasilkan/membutuhkan panas

Persamaan Energi
∆𝐻2 + 𝑄 = ∆𝐻3
𝑛2 . 𝐶𝑝 . 𝑇<2> − 𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓 + 𝑄 = 𝑛3 . 𝐶𝑝 . 𝑇<3> − 𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓
∆𝐻2 = 14.838.342,32
• Menghitung ∆𝐻3
∆𝐻3 = (537,7-0) [171,415 .28,95 + 431,394. 28,84 + 714,23. 34,31] + [(537,7-100).111,420. 33,46] +
[40,65.103. 111,420] + [(100-0). 111,420 .18,2964]
∆𝐻3 = 22534522,27 + 1631795,148 + 4529223 + 203858,489 = 28899398,91 J
Persamaan Energi
∆𝐻2 + 𝑄 = ∆𝐻3
Q = ∆𝐻3 - ∆𝐻2
Q = 28.899.398,91 - 14.838.342,32
Q = 14.061.056,59 J = 14061,057 kJ
TERIMAKASIH