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Chapter-14

Development of Surfaces of
Solids
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What is development?

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Introduction
 When the surfaces of a solid are laid
out on a plane, the figure obtained is
called as development.
 The development of a solid, thus
represents the actual shape of all of
its surfaces which, when bent or
folded at the edges would form the
solid.
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It is very important to note
that, the every line on the
development must be true
length of the corresponding
edge on the surface.
The surfaces are also true
shapes and points are at their
true positions.
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The study of development of
surfaces is essential
particularly in sheet metal
work. The boilers, funnels,
chimneys, etc. are constructed
by the plates which are marked
and cut according to the
developments which, when
folded, form desired objects.
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Theory of development

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The surface of polyhedra (such as prisms
and pyramids), and single curved surfaces
(cones and cylinders) can be accurately
developed.

The sphere is double-curved surface and


hence it is undevelopable. However, the
sphere can be approximately developed by
dividing it into number of parts.

Generally, only the lateral surfaces of the


solids are developed. The bases can be
easily incorporated if necessary.
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Methods of Development
1. Parallel-line development:
This method is used in case of
cylinders and prisms, in which, edges
of the top base and bottom base are
considered parallel to each other.

Rectangular ARRAY command can be


used to develop the surfaces.
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Parallel Line Development
CYLINDER

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Parallel Line Development
HEXAGONAL PRISM

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2. Radial-line development

This method is used in case of


cones and pyramids, in which the
true length of the generator or
slant edge is used as radius.

Polar ARRAY command can be


used to develop the surfaces.
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Radial Line Development

CONE

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Radial Line Development
HEXAGONAL PYRAMID

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Development of Lateral Surfaces
Figure shows a hollow crucible as well as its orthographic views
(TV, FV and RSV). Draw a development of lateral as well as base
surfaces.

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Development of Lateral Surfaces
Figure shows a hollow crucible as well as its orthographic views
(TV, FV and RSV). Draw a development of lateral as well as base
surfaces.

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Exercise A (Development of
surface of solids)
Instructions:
• The solids are to be considered as hollow
• Make use of MEASURE, DIVIDE, ARRAY (R
& P) commands wherever possible.
• Be habitual with INT, END, PERP, TAN, MID
options while drawing lines.
• Make use of F8 and F9 key wherever if
necessary.
• While drawing a development of surfaces
of solids the starting point ‘S’ and opening
direction (ccw or cw) is important.
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